“…It shows a different clinical heterogeneity due to its different mutation genes, therefore, disease judgment, prognosis, and treatment are also different ( 4 ). So far, 14 MODY-related genes have been discovered, including KCNJ11 , ABCC8 , INS , GCK , IPF1 , PTF1A , GLIS3 , FOX3 , EIF2AK3 , GLUT2 , HNF1A , HNF1B , HNF4A , and PAX4 ( 5 – 9 ). Among these genes, heterozygous mutations in HNF1A , HNF4A , and GCK have been identified as the root cause of more than 90% of MODY cases ( 10 ).…”