The Muscles of the Eye

Lucien Howe, Hereditary Blindness, and the Eugenics Movement

“…Howe investigated and wrote articles that were awarded prizes by the Medical Society of the State of New York in 1901 and 1902. His studies led to a 2-volume text on the ocular muscles, 6 which is considered one of the most important ophthalmic books of the 20th century. 7 He was awarded a medal at the International Ophthalmological Congress in Naples, Italy (1909), 8 for the best apparatus displayed, an instrument to measure the force generated by the horizontal ocular muscles.…”