The muscle dwelling myxozoan, Kudoa inornata, enhances swimming performance in the spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus

McElroy, Eric J.; George, Andrew D.; Buron, Isaure de

doi:10.1007/s00436-015-4441-z

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, parasites themselves suffer reduced fitness if their hosts succumb to predation or starvation prior to completion of their life cycle. Thus, parasite infection may sometimes enhance host performance and longevity (i.e., Daniels 1985;Burns et al 2005;Ziuganov 2005; Me ´doc and Beisel 2008; Devevey et al 2010;McElroy et al 2015). There is increasing theoretical and empirical evidence that parasites can manipulate hosts in ways that enhance host survival at uninfective stages of the parasite life cycle, when host death reduces parasite fitness (i.e., predator supression or bodyguard manipulation; Hammerschmidt et al 2009;Me ´doc et al 2009;Parker et al 2009;Dianne et al 2011;Maure et al 2013;Weinreich et al 2013).…”

Section: Can Host Behavior Offset the Performance Costs Of Infection?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites and Host Performance: Incorporating Infection into Our Understanding of Animal Movement

Binning

Shaw

Roche

2017

Integrative and Comparative Biology

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Studies of animal locomotion and movement largely assume that individuals are healthy and performing to the best of their abilities in ways which are adapted to their survival. However, wild animals face numerous ecological challenges that can compromise their health, reduce their performance capacity, impair their movement abilities and, ultimately, lower their fitness. By diverting resources and increasing host energetic demands, parasites, bacteria, and viruses (hereafter parasites) can dramatically influence the ways in which their hosts allocate energy to movement. Yet, the role of parasites in influencing animal locomotor performance and movement remains relatively unexplored, perhaps because animals often hide outward signs of sickness, and parasites tend to be small and inconspicuous to researchers. Here, we review how parasite infection can alter host locomotor performance via impacts on host morphology and physiology. We also give examples of behavioral strategies that some hosts employ to help overcome the disadvantages imposed by infection. Finally, we discuss how parasites can lead to both increased and decreased host movement patterns, either as an adaptive strategy for the host or due to manipulation by the parasite. The dynamic interplay between host movement (such as migration and dispersal) and infection has profound consequences for population and ecosystem-level processes that are influenced by movement. Acknowledging the important functional role played by parasites in driving the evolution of host locomotor performance and behavior is a critical step toward developing a comprehensive understanding of the causes and consequences of animal movement.

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Section: Can Host Behavior Offset the Performance Costs Of Infection?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites and Host Performance: Incorporating Infection into Our Understanding of Animal Movement

Binning

Shaw

Roche

2017

Integrative and Comparative Biology

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted January 25, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.24.477519 doi: bioRxiv preprint McElroy and de Buron, 2014), infection can also impact hosts in counter-intuitive ways. For example, high loads of the muscle-dwelling myxozoan, Kudoa inornate, are related to faster burstswimming speeds and gait transition speeds in spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus (McElroy et al, 2015). Thus, the effects of parasite infection on individual performance capacity can be difficult to predict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased parasite load is associated with reduced metabolic rates and escape responsiveness in pumpkinseed sunfish

Guitard

Chrétien

Bonville

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Wild animals have parasites that can compromise their physiological and/or behavioural performance. Yet, the extent to which parasite load is related to intraspecific variation in performance traits within wild populations remains relatively unexplored. We used pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) and their endoparasites as a model system to explore the effects of infection load on host aerobic metabolism and escape performance. Metabolic traits (standard and maximum metabolic rates, aerobic scope) and fast-start escape responses following a simulated aerial attack by a predator (responsiveness, response latency, and escape distance) were measured in fish from across a gradient of visible (i.e. trematodes causing black spot disease counted on fish surfaces) and non-visible (i.e. cestodes in fish abdominal cavity counted post-mortem) endoparasite infection. We found that a higher infection load of non-visible endoparasites was related to lower standard and maximum metabolic rates, but not aerobic scope in fish. Non-visible endoparasite infection load was also related to decreased responsiveness of the host to a simulated aerial attack. Visible endoparasites were not related to changes in metabolic traits nor fast-start escape responses. Our results suggest that infection with parasites that are inconspicuous to researchers can result in intraspecific variation in physiological and behavioral performance in wild populations, highlighting the need to more explicitly acknowledge and account for the role played by natural infections in studies of wild animal performance.

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“…For example, prior infection with N. salmincola increased mortality when Chinook Salmon were exposed to certain bacterial pathogens, including Vibrio anguillarum (Jacobson et al, 2003) and F. columnare, but not in co-infection with Aeromonas salmonicida (Roon et al, 2015). In contrast, some pathogens can actually increase fish performance (McElroy et al, 2015;Lauringson et al, 2023), demonstrating that infection does not always result in a disease state.…”

Section: Other Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing dams and disease: predictions for salmon disease risk following Klamath River dam removals

Bartholomew,

Alexander,

Alvarez

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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The health of fish populations and the river systems they inhabit have broad ecological, cultural, recreational, and economic relevance. This is exemplified by the iconic anadromous salmonid fishes native to the West Coast of North America. Salmon populations have been constrained since the mid nineteenth century by dam construction and water reallocation. In the Klamath River (Oregon and California, USA), a series of dams built in the early-mid 20th century cut the basin in two and blocked anadromous fish access to more than 600 river kilometers. This dramatic loss of habitat, coupled with infectious diseases and resulting epizootics, have impacted the wellbeing of these salmonid populations. In 2023-2024, the Klamath River will undergo the largest river restoration project in US history. Removal of the four lowermost dams will cause profound physical changes to the river, including flow, water temperature, and channel geomorphology. The dam removals will reconnect the lower and upper portions of the basin, and provide fish passage after a century of segregation. Reestablishment of upstream and downstream fish movements will also alter the occupancy and abundance of the salmonid hosts and their pathogens. The increased habitat availability and longer migration routes will increase duration of pathogen exposure and potential impacts on juvenile survival and adult pre-spawn mortality. However, restoration of more natural flow and sediment regimes will decrease overall fish disease risk by disrupting complex parasite life cycles. To better understand these multifarious, competing factors, we review the salmonid species in the Klamath River, and provide an overview of their historical pathogen challenges and associated diseases and use this as a framework to predict the effects of dam removals on disease dynamics. Our review and predictions are a synthesis of expertise from tribal biologists, fish health specialists and fish biologists, many of whom have lived and worked on the Klamath River for decades. We conclude with recommendations for expansion of current pathogen monitoring and research efforts to measure changes in host-pathogen dynamics basin-wide.

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The muscle dwelling myxozoan, Kudoa inornata, enhances swimming performance in the spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Parasites and Host Performance: Incorporating Infection into Our Understanding of Animal Movement

Parasites and Host Performance: Incorporating Infection into Our Understanding of Animal Movement

Increased parasite load is associated with reduced metabolic rates and escape responsiveness in pumpkinseed sunfish

Deconstructing dams and disease: predictions for salmon disease risk following Klamath River dam removals

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