The Multiple Nature of the Vitamin D of Fish Oils

Bills, Charles E.; Massengale, O. N.; Imboden, Miriam; Hall, H. C.

doi:10.1093/jn/13.4.435

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Bills et al (1936) knew that ‘various kinds of vitamin D’ exist in fish oil; with modern techniques such as mass spectrometry now a great number of vitamin D metabolites have been elucidated. Especially the more polar metabolites play important roles in the physiology of the fish.…”

Section: Origin and Hydroxylation Of Vitamin D Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of vitamin D for fish: a review

Lock

Waagbø²,

Bonga

et al. 2010

Aquaculture Nutrition

129

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Fish store large quantities of vitamin D in their liver and fat tissues, including the fat associated with muscle, and this makes fish an important dietary source of vitamin D. Fish do not synthesize vitamin D and are fully dependent on dietary sources to meet their requirement. Under natural circumstances planktonic vitamin D accumulates in the aquatic food chain. In aquaculture, formulated diets are used and vitamin D intake can be manipulated. The minimum dietary requirement for vitamin D has been established in several fish species. The role of vitamin D in fish physiology is still enigmatic. Till the 1970s there was consensus that fish accumulate but not metabolize vitamin D. There is substantial evidence now, four decades later, that fish have a vitamin D endocrine system with similar functions as in mammals. We here summarize the major characteristics of the fish vitamin D endocrine system. The hydroxylation of vitamin D to more polar metabolites, their plasma levels and protein-bound transport in blood plasma will be discussed. The vitamin D receptor profile, receptor distribution and responses to vitamin D are reviewed for the key target tissues (gill, intestine, kidney and bone). We will address the classical slower actions through transcription factors as well as the faster G-protein coupled (membrane) receptor mediated effects. We then review the dietary requirement of vitamin D in aquaculture and address some lesser known functions of the vitamin D endocrine system. KEY WORDS

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Section: Origin and Hydroxylation Of Vitamin D Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of vitamin D for fish: a review

Lock

Waagbø²,

Bonga

et al. 2010

Aquaculture Nutrition

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…I1 down to 46,000 in the ether extract of a completely dried portion of livers No, IV. Bills, et al (1937) reported in similar liver oils 55,000 and 56,000 units of vitamin A per gram.…”

Section: Vitamin Content O F Totoaba Liver Oilsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Two additional oil samples made from livers of California mackerel caught in the fall of 1937 were found also to be rich in vitamin A but not equal to the 1935 spring sample. Black and Sassaman (1936) reported 5,000 and 6,000 units of vitamin D per gram for two samples of mackerel liver oil of Japanese origin, and Bills, et al (1937) found 1,400 units per gram in California mackerel.…”

Section: Vitamin Content O F Mackerel Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin Content of Certain Pacific Fish Oils

Morgan

Kimmel

Davison

1939

Journal of Food Science

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“…Of particular interest in connexion with this work is the question of the possible existence of other naturally occurring antirachitic substances, in addition to calciferol and vitamin D3. On biological grounds Bills et al [1937; consider proven the presence of such compounds in fish liver oils. Further, Windaus & Trautmann [1937] have obtained a crystalline vitamin D4 from irradiated 22-dihydroergosterol (Ia), while Wunderlich [1936] showed that his 7-dehydrositosterol (I b) possessed provitamin D activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The action of light on substances related to ergosterol

Haslewood¹

1939

Biochemical Journal

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The Multiple Nature of the Vitamin D of Fish Oils

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

The significance of vitamin D for fish: a review

The significance of vitamin D for fish: a review

Vitamin Content of Certain Pacific Fish Oils

The action of light on substances related to ergosterol

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