The multiple functions of the endothelium: more than just wallpaper

Persson, Pontus B.

doi:10.1111/apha.12464

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The main target of SVD is the endothelium, the organ that is a barrier between circulating blood and the vessel wall. Healthy endothelial cells control vascular permeability to components in plasma, limit aggregation of platelets and leucocytes, and regulate vascular tone, all of which is essential if blood flow will match metabolic demand (4). The main task of the endothelial cells is therefore to integrate information scanned constantly from the vessel wall, the blood flowing through the arterioles, and from the physiological parameters defining vascular health, and respond by varying vasomotor tone in the arterioles and maintaining an adequate antithrombotic surface.…”

Section: Pathology and Pathophysiology Of Svdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Vessel Disease

Hakim

2019

Front. Neurol.

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Small vessel disease (SVD) refers to conditions where damage to arterioles and capillaries is predominant, leading to reduced, or interrupted perfusion of the affected organ. Data suggest that when this condition is evident in any organ, it is already systemic in its occurrence and consequences. SVD affects primarily organs that receive significant portions of cardiac output such as the brain, the kidney, and the retina. Thus, SVD is a major etiologic cause in debilitating conditions such as renal failure, blindness, lacunar infarcts, and dementia. The factors that lead to this devastating condition include all the known vascular risk factors when they are not strictly controlled, but lifestyles that include sedentary existence, obesity, and poor sleep patterns are also recognized drivers of SVD. In addition, depression is now recognized as a vascular risk factor. Inflammation is a mediator of SVD, but it is not known which factor(s) predominate in its etiology. This article emphasizes the need for more investigations to define this link further and suggests clinical and societal responses that might reduce the major impacts of this condition on populations.

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Section: Pathology and Pathophysiology Of Svdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Vessel Disease

Hakim

2019

Front. Neurol.

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“…Endothelial cells produce and, depending on the stimulus received, release factors that lead to vascular smooth muscle cells contraction or relaxation. 2 Vascular tone control by the endothelium is modulated by the production and release of mediators such as nitric oxide, prostacyclins, prostaglandins, thromboxane, angiotensin II, endothelin-1 and reactive oxygen species. Under physiological conditions, these factors are balanced.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imbalance in the production of substances by the endothelium leads to triggering and progression of several conditions and diseases such as ischemia, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, inflammation and tumor growth. 1 , 2 Therefore, vascular endothelial dysfunction is an important pathophysiological factor in human diseases. 3 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it can also be observed in non-cardiovascular diseases, such as rheumatic and autoimmune diseases. 2 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Insufficient production of nitric oxide, such as in aging and in several diseases, may result in an increase in reactive oxygen species and blood pressure, and adversely affects the physical capacity and health in general. 2 …”

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confidence: 99%

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Endothelial Function and Physical Exercise

Pagan

Gomes

Okoshi

2018

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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Function of normal oral mucosa revealed by single‐cell RNA sequencing

Zhao

Han

Tang

et al. 2022

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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The functions of oral mucosa include barrier, sensation, and secretion. The barrier protection function is particularly important, which includes physical barrier and immunological barrier. Few studies have revealed the function of oral mucosa by displaying the map of normal oral mucosal cells from the perspective of single cells. Here, single-cell transcriptome sequencing was used to bring a relatively comprehensive map of the normal oral mucosal cells. In total, 26,398 cells from three cases of normal oral mucosa were analyzed by single-cell RNA-sequencing and 14 distinct cell groups were defined, 7 of which were immune cells. We performed subgroup classification and heterogeneity analysis of epithelial cells, T cells, and macrophagocytes, which found a subpopulation of epithelial cells with high expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, a subpopulation CD8 + GZMK + T cells, and two kinds of active macrophagocytes. Meanwhile, we identified ligand-receptor pairs among the major cell types to explore the interactions and how they maintain the homeostasis of normal oral mucosa. Based on these results, the epithelial barrier function, immunological barrier function, and potential maintenance function of stromal cells in the oral mucosa were described at the single-cell level, which provides basic data resources for further studies of oral mucosal diseases.

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The multiple functions of the endothelium: more than just wallpaper

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Small Vessel Disease

Small Vessel Disease

Endothelial Function and Physical Exercise

Function of normal oral mucosa revealed by single‐cell RNA sequencing

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