2002
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-002-8412-z
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The multifaceted Paneth cell

Abstract: Paneth cells (PCs) were described over a century ago as granulated cells located at the base of small intestinal crypts, the 'crypts of Lieberkühn.' Various histochemical staining procedures were developed that identified PCs based on their distinctive granule-staining pattern. Early on, PCs were proposed to perform a specialized function other than absorption of digested nutrients, the predominant task of the small intestinal epithelium. Since then, many constituents of the PC granules have been biochemically… Show more

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Cited by 363 publications
(301 citation statements)
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“…Besides demonstrating broad anti-microbial properties, defensins have chemokine properties as well (28). The ␣-defensins, HD5 and HD6, are expressed by Paneth cells (29), and either whole bacteria or PAMPs such as LPS, LTA, and muramyl dipeptide stimulate release of defensins (30) …”
Section: Secretion Of Anti-microbial Peptidesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Besides demonstrating broad anti-microbial properties, defensins have chemokine properties as well (28). The ␣-defensins, HD5 and HD6, are expressed by Paneth cells (29), and either whole bacteria or PAMPs such as LPS, LTA, and muramyl dipeptide stimulate release of defensins (30) …”
Section: Secretion Of Anti-microbial Peptidesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The third model proposes that mutations in NOD2 may result in altered mucosal host-microbe interactions (13). Nod2 is highly expressed in Paneth cells, epithelial cells of the intestinal crypts of Lieberkühn that govern innate immune responses through the secretion of antibacterial proteins and peptides such as α-defensins (22)(23)(24). CD-associated NOD2 mutations primarily predispose to the development of small intestinal (ileal) lesions, corresponding to the location of Paneth cells (25).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…I ntestinal epithelial cells (IEC) 3 must coexist with a high density of diverse bacteria. Protection against these bacteria exists on multiple levels.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first level of protection is the impermeability of the intestinal epithelial barrier. In addition to serving as a protective barrier, the epithelium plays an active role in the intestinal immune response through its secretion of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides (1)(2)(3)(4). In the absence of pathogens, the intestinal epithelium maintains a controlled state of inflammation, whereas in the presence of a pathogen, acute inflammatory cells are recruited to the lamina propria and epithelium.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%