The multi-energy methodA framework for vapour cloud explosion blast prediction

Berg, A.C. van den

doi:10.1016/0304-3894(85)80022-4

Cited by 199 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the TNT model this is assessed on the basis of an equivalent charge of explosive, which does not give any reliable and physically acceptable reproduction of the phenomenon. On the other hand, the Multi-Energy (ME) [54] and the BakerSthrelow (BS) [55,56] methods take into account the effects of geometry and reactivity in the prediction of the peak pressure. Specific guidance for the application of these methods is reported elsewhere (e.g.…”

Section: Vapour Cloud Explosion (Vce)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the total equivalent mass of the reference explosive and the explosion energy per unit mass are the parameters needed for the estimation of the safety distances for escalation. Table 18 reports the energy-scaled safety distances obtained for the different equipment categories using the threshold values reported in Table 13 and the energyscaled plot given by Van den Berg [54], considering a strength factor equal to 10 (detonation). The table also reports the actual safety distances for different explosion energies.…”

Section: Point-source Explosionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Escalation thresholds in the assessment of domino accidental events

Cozzani

Gubinelli

Salzano

2006

Journal of Hazardous Materials

289

158

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Section: Vapour Cloud Explosion (Vce)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Point-source Explosionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escalation thresholds in the assessment of domino accidental events

Cozzani

Gubinelli

Salzano

2006

Journal of Hazardous Materials

289

158

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“…The most conservative approach is simply assuming the nearest congested volume is filled with a stoichiometric flammable cloud consisting of the most energetic chemicals identified in the area survey. Maximum Overpressure (psi) and impulse (psi-second) generated by the resulting blast wave are most frequently calculated using one of two simplified prediction methods; the TNO multienergy (ME) method [2][3][4] or Baker-Strehlow-Tang method [3,5,6]. The ME model was used to develop the curves shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Evaluation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the use of blast resistant modules within API 753 zones 1 and 2

Skelton

2014

Process Safety Progress

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On March 23, 2005, a vapor cloud explosion at a Texas City oil refinery injured more than 180 people and claimed 15 lives. The deaths were a result of a blast pressure wave striking contractor trailers located near the explosion fuel source. Accident investigation determined the trailers were sited inappropriately close to relief device outlets which contributed heavily to the loss of lives. As a result, API Recommended Practice (RP) 753 [API RP 753, Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process Plant Portable Buildings, First Edition, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC, 2007] was drafted in 2007. API RP 753 provides guidance to reduce the risk of injury as a result of fire, explosion, or toxic release for inhabitants of portable buildings located in the proximity of refineries, petrochemical and chemical operations, natural gas liquids, extraction plants, and other industries. This article outlines a conceptual methodology to evaluate blast resistant modules for use in potentially hazardous locations. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 34: 137–140, 2015

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“…The turbulent burning velocity, S t , was calculated based on where L t is the turbulent scale, u t is the turbulence intensity, S l is the laminar burning velocity and is the kinematic viscosity of the unburned mixture. Further details of the computational codes were reported by Van den Berg et al [19][20][21] The initial laminar combustion rate was described using a quasi-laminar modification. The other adjustable parameter, F s , represents the influence of pressure, temperature and flame front wrinkling on the laminar burning velocity.…”

Section: Computation Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premixed methane/air gas deflagration simulations in closed-end and open-end tubes

Hong

Lin

Zhu

2016

International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics

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The overpressures, flame velocities and flow speeds were investigated in closed-end and open-end tubes via numerical simulations. Our results suggest that the tube geometry influences the evolution of these parameters. The peak overpressure initially decreased and eventually increased with the aspect ratio in both types of tubes. The flow speed initially increased and then decreased with the propagation distance in the closed-end tube, but it increased with increasing distance in the open-end tube. Empirical equations relating the peak overpressure and the peak flow speed are presented. The flame velocities in the open-end tubes were always greater than those in the closed-end tubes, especially the maximum flame velocity. The open end promoted flame acceleration, while the closed end resulted in near-wall deceleration. The results provide a reference for future limited-space gas explosion studies.

show abstract

The multi-energy methodA framework for vapour cloud explosion blast prediction

Cited by 199 publications

References 7 publications

Escalation thresholds in the assessment of domino accidental events

Escalation thresholds in the assessment of domino accidental events

Examining the use of blast resistant modules within API 753 zones 1 and 2

Premixed methane/air gas deflagration simulations in closed-end and open-end tubes

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