The multi-channel potentiostat: Development and evaluation of a scalable mini-potentiostat array for investigating electrochemical reaction mechanisms

Abstract

A potentiostat is an essential piece of analytical equipment for studying electrochemical devices and reactions. As the design of electrochemical devices evolve, applications for systems with multiple working electrodes have become more common. These applications drive a need for low-cost multi-channel potentiostat systems. We have developed a portable, low-cost and scalable system with a modular design that can support 8 to 64 channels at a cost as low as $8 per channel. This design can replace the functionality of commercial potentiostats which cost upwards of $10k for certain applications. Each channel in the multi-channel potentiostat has an independent adjustable voltage source with a built-in ammeter and switch, making the device flexible for various configurations. The multi-channel potentiostat is designed for low current applications (nA range), but its purpose can change by varying its shunt resistor value. The system can either function as a standalone device or remotely controlled. We demonstrate the functionality of this system for the control of a 24-channel bioelectronic ion pump for open- and closed- loop control of pH.

Delivering biochemicals with precision using bioelectronic devices enhanced with feedback control

“…We use silver pins and a conductive silver paste to connect the Ag/AgCl electrodes in the reservoir to the PCB which is then soldered to the ion pump. Jumper cables are used to connect this PCB to a Raspberry Pi-based external voltage controller which can connect to the WiFi [24]. The device is seated in a six-well plate with a buffer solution acting as the target for delivery.…”

ESPotensio: A Low-Cost and Portable Potentiostat With Multi-Channel and Multi-Analysis Electrochemical Measurements

“…It can be seen that our proposed potentiostat has the lowest production costs (~21 USD) in terms of price. If we compare it with multichannel potentiometers such as in research [6], which developed a modular multichannel potentiostat that can cost up to ~$180, the cost can increase depending on how many modules will be made to be integrated. Besides that, our research also has advantages in the GUI provided where we provide it to operate wirelessly using Android applications and wired with Python-based applications.…”

“…Sarkar et al integrated their electrochemical potentiostat via Bluetooth and WiFi, where the GUI was developed based on Matlab [4]. Ministat, according to research by Adams et al, uses the R environment for the graphical user interface (GUI) [5], while Pansodtee uses Python [6]. In contrast, Bukkawar et al prefer to use Microsoft Excel as the GUI [7].…”

“…Furthermore, the desire to develop a more flexible potentiostat by providing multichannel features to perform measurements with many channels simultaneously has also been developed [6]. However, this potentiostat was developed by making the potentiostat modular for its measuring channels, giving the cost of fabricating the potentiostat relatively more expensive, with an average of around US$100 per module.…”

A compact, low-cost, and binary sensing (BiSense) platform for noise-free and self-validated impedimetric detection of COVID-19 infected patients

“…More importantly, many multichannel potentiostats record electrochemical signals from multiple electrodes one after another in a sequential manner ( Clark et al, 2021 ; Pansodtee et al, 2021 ; Ramfos et al, 2013 ; Stradolini et al, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2018 ). However, the interaction of the electrodes with the biosample and the redox reagent is highly dynamic and frequency-dependent ( Massey et al, 2021 ; Pothipor et al, 2021 ).…”