The MTT and Crystal Violet Assays

Almutary, Abdulmajeed G; Sanderson, Barbara J.S.

doi:10.1177/1091581816648906

Cited by 76 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…αCD was chosen for the possibility to easily design a fucoside that matches FleA valency with all six sugars presented on the primary face. Polyhedral silsesquioxanes are emerging as versatile platforms for the design of multivalent compounds; furthermore, pharmaceutical studies suggest that the organosilica core has low intrinsic toxicity . Here, COSS functionalization should allow for a homogeneous distribution of the grafted sugars.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivalent Fucosides with Nanomolar Affinity for the Aspergillus fumigatus Lectin FleA Prevent Spore Adhesion to Pneumocytes

Lehot

Brissonnet

Dussouy

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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FleA (or AFL), a fucose lectin, was recently identified in the opportunistic mold Aspergillus fumigatus, which causes fatal lung infections in immunocompromised patients. We designed di‐, hexa‐ and octavalent fucosides with various spacer arm lengths to block the hexameric FleA through chelation. Microcalorimetry measurements showed that the ethylene glycol (EG) spacer arm length has a strong influence on the binding affinity of the divalent fucosides. The relationship between the EG length and chelate binding efficiency to FleA was explored according to polymer theory. Hexa‐ and octavalent compounds based on cyclodextrin and octameric silsesquioxane scaffolds were nanomolar FleA inhibitors, surpassing their monovalent fucose analogue by more than three orders of magnitude. Importantly, some of the fucosides were highly efficient in preventing fungal spore adhesion to bronchoepithelial cells, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values in the micromolar range. We propose that the synergistic antiadhesive effect observed can be ascribed to chelate binding to FleA and to the formation of conidium aggregates, as observed by optical microscopy. These fucosides are promising tools that can be used to better understand the role of FleA in conidia pathogenicity and host defenses against invasive aspergillosis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivalent Fucosides with Nanomolar Affinity for the Aspergillus fumigatus Lectin FleA Prevent Spore Adhesion to Pneumocytes

Lehot

Brissonnet

Dussouy

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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“…The effect of S-FLG or L-FLG on cell viability was measured by MTT assay. 62 A detailed experimental description is provided in the SI. S-FLG or L-FLG was added to the bacterial culture yielding a final nominal graphene concentration of 250 μg/L.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Uptake, Distribution, and Depuration of Radio-Labeled Graphene in Adult Zebrafish: Effects of Graphene Size and Natural Organic Matter

Lü¹,

Dong²,

et al. 2017

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The exciting commercial application potential of graphene materials may inevitably lead to their increasing release into the environment where they may pose ecological risks. This study focused on using carbon-14 labeled few-layer graphene (FLG) to determine whether the size of graphene plays a role in its uptake, depuration and biodistribution in adult zebrafish. After 48 h exposure to larger FLG (L-FLG) at 250 μg/L, the amount of graphene in the organism was close to 48 mg/kg fish dry mass, which was more than 170-fold greater than the body burden of those exposed to the same concentration of smaller FLG (S-FLG). The amount of uptake for both L-FLG and S-FLG increased by a factor of 2.5 and 16, respectively, when natural organic matter (NOM) was added in the exposure suspension. While the L-FLG mainly accumulated in the gut of adult zebrafish, the S-FLG was found in both the gut and liver after exposure with or without NOM. Strikingly, the S-FLG was able to pass through the intestinal wall and enter the intestinal epithelial cells and blood. The presence of NOM increased the quantity of S-FLG in these cells. Exposure to L-FLG or S-FLG also had a significantly different impact on the intestinal microbial community structure.

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“…Moreover, characterization regarding interference of NMs with the applied assay system is highly recommended. It has been shown that some NMs interfere with fluorescence/absorption in widely used assays such as alamarBlue™, Neutral Red or WST-1, which can lead to false positive cytotoxicity results unless interference test is included in the test [ 107 , 108 ].…”

Section: Nanomaterials–characteristics In Cell Culture Media and Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Nanomaterials: Advanced In Vitro Models and High Throughput Methods for Human Hazard Assessment—A Review

et al. 2020

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Changes in the genetic material can lead to serious human health defects, as mutations in somatic cells may cause cancer and can contribute to other chronic diseases. Genotoxic events can appear at both the DNA, chromosomal or (during mitosis) whole genome level. The study of mechanisms leading to genotoxicity is crucially important, as well as the detection of potentially genotoxic compounds. We consider the current state of the art and describe here the main endpoints applied in standard human in vitro models as well as new advanced 3D models that are closer to the in vivo situation. We performed a literature review of in vitro studies published from 2000–2020 (August) dedicated to the genotoxicity of nanomaterials (NMs) in new models. Methods suitable for detection of genotoxicity of NMs will be presented with a focus on advances in miniaturization, organ-on-a-chip and high throughput methods.

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The MTT and Crystal Violet Assays

Cited by 76 publications

References 58 publications

Multivalent Fucosides with Nanomolar Affinity for the Aspergillus fumigatus Lectin FleA Prevent Spore Adhesion to Pneumocytes

Multivalent Fucosides with Nanomolar Affinity for the Aspergillus fumigatus Lectin FleA Prevent Spore Adhesion to Pneumocytes

Biological Uptake, Distribution, and Depuration of Radio-Labeled Graphene in Adult Zebrafish: Effects of Graphene Size and Natural Organic Matter

Genotoxicity of Nanomaterials: Advanced In Vitro Models and High Throughput Methods for Human Hazard Assessment—A Review

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