The Mount Cameroon southwest flank eruptions: Geochemical constraints on the subsurface magma plumbing system

Ngwa, Caroline Neh; Lenhardt, Nils; Roux, Petrus le; Mbassa, Benoît Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.07.016

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Several studies on the intra-plate magmatism of Mount Cameroon, helped to determine both the mechanisms that govern the evolution of the magmas and the origin of these magmas. Those previous works reveal that the major process at the origin of the diversity of lava on the Mont Cameroon is fractional crystallization [9,10,12,13,17,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] .…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Data on the Genesis and Evolution of the Primitive Magmas of Mount Cameroon: Contribution of Melt Inclusions

et al. 2020

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Mount Cameroon is a Plio-Quaternary volcanic massif, without a central crater, made up ofmore than 140 pyroclastic cones. It is one of the active volcanoes of the Cameroon Line. Mount Cameroon magmatic inclusions are found in microdroplets trapped in the early minerals (olivines) from the pyroclastic products. The analysis of these magmatic inclusions allowed us to find primitive liquids compared to lavas. Major elements study of the magmatic inclusions, trapped in the most magnesian olivines (Mg#84-86) of Mount Cameroon revealed "primitive" liquids of basanite and alkaline basalt type with variable composition compared to the much more uniform basalts of the magmatic series of Mount Cameroon. The study of these trapped liquids shows that: (i)- the original primitive lavas did not undergo the process of evolution by FC, but rather underwent fundamentally (or exclusively) the process of partial melting; (ii) the emitted lavas, evolved essentially by FC; (iii) the variations in the trace element contents of the primitive liquids directly reflect a variation in the rate of partial melting of a homogeneous mantelic source. The very high La/Yb ratios of the Mount Cameroon inclusions (> 20) characterize a garnet lherzolite source. Spectra of the magmatic inclusions show a negative anomaly or depletion in K, Rb and Ba as those of HIMU. The "primitive" liquids and lavas of Mount Cameroon represent a co-genetic sequence formed by varying degrees of partial melting of a source considered as homogeneous.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Data on the Genesis and Evolution of the Primitive Magmas of Mount Cameroon: Contribution of Melt Inclusions

et al. 2020

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“…So far, the large polygenetic volcanoes along the major rift zones of Cameroon and the Afar rift system have been the predominant focal point of studies on Cenozoic volcanism in Northern Africa. Within the anorogenic alkaline volcanic fields, distributed away from major rift zones, the edifices of polygenetic volcanoes garner more attention than monogenetic volcanoes that have been basking in the shadow of their larger counterparts (e.g., Mount Cameroon; Ngwa et al, 2019). Németh and Kereszturi (2015) defined a monogenetic volcano as "a volcanic edifice with a small cumulative volume (typically ≤1 km 3 ) that has been built up by one continuous, or many discontinuous, small eruptions [that] occurred in a short timescale (typically ≤10 of years) and [were] fed from one or multiple magma batches through a relatively simple, closely spaced feeder dyke (and sill) system with no associated well-developed magma chambers."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quaternary monogenetic Bayuda Volcanic Field, Sudan – Insights into mantle and crustal processes during magma petrogenesis

Lötter

Lenhardt

Viereck

et al. 2022

Lithos

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“…Most studies on Mount Cameroon focus on petrology, geochemistry (N'ni, 1984;Déruelle et al, 1987;Nkoumbou et al, 2001;Suh et al, 2003;Ngounouno et al, 2006;Tsafack et al, 2009;Wandji et al, 2009;Ngwa et al, 2019), seismology (Ateba and Ntepe, 1997;Ateba et al, 2009), volcanism (Bardintzeff et al, 2000) and natural hazards such as landslides (Lambi and Ngawana, 1991;Ayonghe et al, 2002;Ayonghe et al, 2004;Tytgat Nele, 2008;Kervyn et al, 2014). Lahars on this south-eastern slope of the volcano have not been thoroughly studied, the reason of their current geological, geomorphological and economic interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lahars of the South-East slope of Mount Cameroon: geological study, economic interest and impacts of their exploitation on the environment

Tchop

Metang

Dili-Rake³

et al. 2021

Turkish Journal of Geosciences

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Mount Cameroon is the site of explosive eruptions with the emission of ash, slag and lava flows. Mudflows, known as Lahars, can also be observed. These Lahars are mainly found in the lower part of the south-eastern slope. The outcrops observed on this flank show that these Lahars are very extensive and are avalanches of volcanic material, which flowed down the slopes of the volcano after the eruptions. The different outcrops observed are separated by pyroclastic products on which the lahars rest. The components of these lahars are generally black or grey basalts. The main granulometric characteristic of the deposits of these lahars is their heterometry. The size of the material varies from a few meters to the clay fraction. Large concentrations of mineable material are found in the watercourses. These materials are exploited in order to produce aggregates for civil engineering. This exploitation has consequences on the immediate environment. In addition to climatic factors, several parameters have influenced the mobilities and emplacement of the lahars on the south-eastern slope of Mount Cameroon: the slope, the volume and thickness of the deposits, the nature and physico-hydric characteristics of the deposits. The persistence of strombolian volcanic eruptions on Mount Cameroon and the particularly rainy context predispose it to other future episodes of lahar flow. Zogning, A. (1988). Le Mont Cameroun, un volcan actif: contribution à l'étude de géographie physique appliquée (Doctoral dissertation, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Yaounde, Cameroon).

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The Mount Cameroon southwest flank eruptions: Geochemical constraints on the subsurface magma plumbing system

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

New Data on the Genesis and Evolution of the Primitive Magmas of Mount Cameroon: Contribution of Melt Inclusions

New Data on the Genesis and Evolution of the Primitive Magmas of Mount Cameroon: Contribution of Melt Inclusions

The Quaternary monogenetic Bayuda Volcanic Field, Sudan – Insights into mantle and crustal processes during magma petrogenesis

The Lahars of the South-East slope of Mount Cameroon: geological study, economic interest and impacts of their exploitation on the environment

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