The moulting pattern in <i>Trichuris muris</i> (Nematoda: Trichuroidea)

Panesar, Tarlochan S.

doi:10.1139/z89-330

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…According to the time course of localization of developmental stages in the present study and the analysis on the molting pattern in T. muris [36], the following time points for drug administration were chosen:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cyclooctadepsipeptides and Aminophenylamidines against Larval, Immature and Mature Adult Stages of a Parasitologically Characterized Trichurosis Model in Mice

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe genus Trichuris includes parasites of major relevance in veterinary and human medicine. Despite serious economic losses and enormous impact on public health, treatment options against whipworms are very limited. Additionally, there is an obvious lack of appropriately characterized experimental infection models. Therefore, a detailed parasitological characterization of a Trichuris muris isolate was performed in C57BL/10 mice. Subsequently, the in vivo efficacies of the aminophenylamidines amidantel, deacylated amidantel (dAMD) and tribendimidine as well as the cyclooctadepsipeptides emodepside and in particular PF1022A were analyzed. This was performed using various administration routes and treatment schemes targeting histotropic and further developed larval as well as immature and mature adult stages.Methodology/Principal FindingsDuration of prepatent period, time-dependent localization of larvae during period of prepatency as well as the duration of patency of the infection were determined before drugs were tested in the characterized trichurosis model. Amidantel showed no effect against mature adult T. muris. Tribendimidine showed significantly higher potency than dAMD after oral treatments (ED50 values of 6.5 vs. 15.1 mg/kg). However, the opposite was found for intraperitoneal treatments (ED50 values of 15.3 vs. 8.3 mg/kg). When emodepside and PF1022A were compared, the latter was significantly less effective against mature adults following intraperitoneal (ED50 values of 6.1 vs. 55.7 mg/kg) or subcutaneous (ED50 values of 15.2 vs. 225.7 mg/kg) administration. Only minimal differences were observed following oral administration (ED50 values of 2.7 vs. 5.2 mg/kg). Triple and most single oral doses with moderate to high dosages of PF1022A showed complete efficacy against histotropic second stage larvae (3×100 mg/kg or 1×250 mg/kg), further developed larvae (3×10 mg/kg or 1×100 mg/kg) and immature adults (3×10 mg/kg or 1×100 mg/kg). Histotropic first stage larvae were only eliminated after three doses of PF1022A (3×100 mg/kg) but not after a single dose.Conclusions/SignificanceThese results indicate that the cyclooctadepsipeptides are a drug class with promising candidates for further evaluation for the treatment of trichurosis of humans and livestock animals in single dose regimens.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cyclooctadepsipeptides and Aminophenylamidines against Larval, Immature and Mature Adult Stages of a Parasitologically Characterized Trichurosis Model in Mice

et al. 2014

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“…There were early misconceptions about the life cycle, including descriptions of migratory phases, before Fahmy (1954) detailed a more precise direct life cycle including two larval moults and fecund adult parasites emerging around day 34 (Fahmy, 1954). The full series of larval moults from L1–L4 – adult were not finally defined until the 1980s (Panesar, 1989) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: The Origin Of the Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichuris murisresearch revisited: a journey through time

Hurst

Else²

2013

Parasitology

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SUMMARYThe mouse whipworm Trichuris muris has long been used as a tractable model of human Trichuriasis. Here we look back at the history of T. muris research; from the definition of the species and determination of its life cycle, through to the complex immune responses that we study today. We highlight the key research papers that have developed our understanding of immune responses to this parasite, and reflect on how original concepts have been transformed, as our knowledge of immunology has grown. Although we have a good understanding of host–parasite interactions in the context of the underlying cellular immunology, there are still many aspects of the biology of the Trichuris parasite that remain undefined. We predict that advances in parasite biology will be key in the future development of new and improved treatments for Trichuriasis.

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“…1 ml of dexaforte at a 1 in 100 dilution was injected subcutaneously on days 7, 10, 12, 14 and 17 postinfection (p.i.). On days 10-13 p.i., L2 of T. muris were present for in vitro use, and on days 26-28 p.i., L4 of T. muris were available for use in vitro (Fahmy, 1954 ;Panesar, 1989). For provision of immature (L3) worms, 100 embryonated eggs of the Sobreda strain of T. muris were administered orally in 0 .…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 ml of distilled water to C57BL/6 mice, without immunosuppressive therapy. On day 20 p.i., L3 of T. muris were present for in vitro use (Fahmy, 1954 ;Panesar, 1989). The mice were killed by exposure to CO 2 , and the caecum and large intestine were removed and opened with fine forceps.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%