The motion of micron-sized particles in He II counterflow as observed by the PIV technique

Zhang, T.; Sciver, S.W. Van

doi:10.1007/s10909-005-2316-x

Cited by 69 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…First, how important is the lack of self-consistent treatment for the normal-fluid? Although a replacement of the kinematic normal-fluid modeling by a dynamical one is a desirable future development, Kivotides [9] has obtained very good agreement between the present model and the Zhang-Van Sciver [4] measurements. Noting moreover, that the analysis of Kivotides [9] refered to the motion of a particle in very dense tangles with corresponding dynamical complexity (due to multiple, simultaneous particle-vortex collisions), far greater than the complexity of the cases studied here, we have every reason to trust the adequacy of our model.…”

Section: Physics?mentioning

confidence: 66%

Normal-fluid velocity measurement and superfluid vortex detection in thermal counterflow turbulence

Kivotides

2008

Phys. Rev. B

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A first principles analysis, that self-consistently takes into account the collisions of tracer particles with quantum vortices, demonstrates that there exist feasible, thermal counterflow turbulence, Particle Image Velocimetry experiments that for sustained periods of time very accurately record the normal-fluid velocity. Moreover, sporadic, abrupt and readily discernible deviations of tracer particle velocity from normal-fluid velocity always correspond to non-arresting, particle-vortex collisions of finite duration, that do not nullify the experiment and allow unambiguous, pointwiseaccurate tracking of quantum vortex position.

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Section: Physics?mentioning

confidence: 66%

Normal-fluid velocity measurement and superfluid vortex detection in thermal counterflow turbulence

Kivotides

2008

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Thus, the obvious question follows: how do we know that the above complicated model is empirically useful in a quantitative rather than purely qualitative sense? In this respect, we note that although Zhang & Van Sciver (2005) did not measure the normal-fluid velocity in their experiment, they did measure the velocity of suspended particles in thermal counterflow. The latter was also computed by Kivotides (2008b) who directly solved the present model resolving in a self-consistent manner particle superfluid vortex collisions.…”

Section: Dimensionless Numbersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the same flow context, Maurer & Tabeling (1998) measured pressure fluctuations and made inferences about energy spectra. In more recent developments, Zhang & Van Sciver (2005) employed particle image velocimetry with polymer microspheres in order to measure the normal-fluid velocity. A different method employing particle-tracking capability of solid hydrogen tracers has been applied by Bewley, Lathrop & Sreenivasan (2006) in the visualization of superfluid vortices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading of superfluid vorticity clouds in normal-fluid turbulence

Kivotides

2010

J. Fluid Mech.

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In this paper, we formulate a self-consistent model of thermal superfluid dynamics. By solving it, we analyse the problem of superfluid vorticity cloud propagation in normal-fluid turbulence. We show that superfluid cloud expansion is driven by pattern-forming superfluid vortex instabilities taking place in the interface layer between the cloud's bulk and the outer undisturbed normal-fluid turbulence. The radius of the cloud increases linearly with time. Mutual friction transfers energy from the normal-fluid turbulence to the superfluid cloud, whilst damping the smallest normal-fluid turbulence motions. This damping action is much weaker than viscous dissipation effects in a corresponding pure normal-fluid turbulence. The energy spectrum of superfluid turbulence presents the k −3 scaling that characterizes the spiral superfluid vorticity patterns of normal vortex tube-superfluid vortex interactions. The corresponding k −2 pressure spectrum signifies the singular nature of superfluid vorticity. These two scalings coincide in wavenumber space with the Kolmogorov regime in the normal-fluid turbulence. We compute a fractal dimension d f ≈ 1.652 for superfluid vorticity. Due to simpler underlying superfluid vortex dynamics in relation to the strongly nonlinear classical vortex dynamics, this fractal dimension is smaller than the corresponding dimension of vortex tube centrelines in classical turbulence.

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“…The inner tube of the gas injection tube was warmed up to about 100 K to prevent freezing of gas before injection. The gas injection was repeated nominally five times with each duration of 30 ms [3,4]. The particle number density in the measurement field decreased with the lapse of time, and thus the gas injection must be repeated several times during a series of experiment.…”

Section: Cryostat and Piv Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, as for the experimental studies mainly based on the velocity measurement, only a few experiments have been conducted, in which the flow visualization method by using solid particle tracers [1] and Laser Doppler Velocimeter [2] has been applied. Recently, particle image velocimeter (PIV) has come to be used for superfluid measurements [3][4][5][6][7]. In all these experiments the normal component flow velocity was measured by tracking tracer particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tracer particles-quantized vortices interaction on PIV measurement result

Murakami¹

2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. PIV (Particle Image Velocimeter) was applied to the measurement of He II thermal counterflow jet. However, the velocity measured with a PIV was smaller than the theoretical velocity of the normal component. Sergeev et al. explained that this was caused by the interaction between tracer particles and tangled mass of quantized vortices, and presented phenomenological formulae for the deceleration of particle motions in the two limiting cases of the vortex density. It is seen the present PIV experimental results qualitatively agree with the phenomenological formulae in the linear case of small or moderate values of heat input. The critical heat flux experimentally derived for the transition from the linear to non-linear regimes is found to be in fair agreement with the prediction.

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The motion of micron-sized particles in He II counterflow as observed by the PIV technique

Cited by 69 publications

References 6 publications

Normal-fluid velocity measurement and superfluid vortex detection in thermal counterflow turbulence

Normal-fluid velocity measurement and superfluid vortex detection in thermal counterflow turbulence

Spreading of superfluid vorticity clouds in normal-fluid turbulence

Effect of tracer particles-quantized vortices interaction on PIV measurement result

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