The motion and active deformation of India

Paul, J.; Bürgmann, Roland; Gaur, V. K.; Bilham, Roger; Larson, Kristine M.; Ananda, M. B.; Jade, Sridevi; Mukal, M.; Anupama, T. S.; Satyal, G. S.; Kumar, Dilip

doi:10.1029/2000gl011832

Cited by 255 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our reanalysis of CARO data indicates 9.3 ± 1.8 mm/yr right-lateral oblique convergence with the Indian plate [Paul et al, 2001]. How this relates to India -Burma relative plate motion depends on unknown coupling of the two, and the true plate convergence rate is probably more than twice this [e.g., Socquet et al, 2006].…”

Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Postseismic deformation of the Andaman Islands following the 26 December, 2004 Great Sumatra–Andaman earthquake

Paul¹,

Lowry

Bilham

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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Two years after the Great Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake the 3.1 m WSW coseismic displacement at Port Blair, Andaman Islands, had increased by 32 cm. Postseismic uplift initially exceeded 1 cm per week and decreased to <1 mm/week. By 2007 points near Port Blair had risen more than 20 cm, a 24% reversal of coseismic subsidence. Uplift at eight GPS sites suggests a gradual eastward shift of the coseismic neutral axis separating subsidence from uplift. Simulations of the GPS postseismic displacements as viscoelastic relaxation of coseismic stress change and as slip on the plate interface indicate that slip down‐dip of the seismic rupture dominates near‐field deformation during the first two years. Postseismic slip beneath the Andaman Islands released moment equivalent to a magnitude Mw ≥ 7.5 earthquake, and the distribution suggests deep slip in the stable frictional regime accelerated to catch up to the coseismic rupture.

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Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Postseismic deformation of the Andaman Islands following the 26 December, 2004 Great Sumatra–Andaman earthquake

Paul¹,

Lowry

Bilham

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The relative motion between India and Sunda at the latitude of the Andaman Islands is partitioned in a relatively complex way into a component of convergence across the subduction zone, possibly right-lateral slip along the Andaman fault, and extension and strike-slip faulting within the Andaman Sea (Curray, 2005). Because of poorly constrained rates and directions of extension in the Andaman Sea, the convergence rate across the subduction zone is poorly known in the region north of about 8Њ N. Sparse geodetic data suggest a value between 14 and 34 mm/yr (Paul et al, 2001;Curray, 2005;Gahalaut et al, 2006).…”

Section: Seismotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coseismic Slip and Afterslip of the GreatMw 9.15 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake of 2004

Chlieh

Avouac

Hjörleifsdóttir

et al. 2007

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

462

526

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We determine coseismic and the first-month postseismic deformation associated with the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake of 26 December 2004 from near- field Global Positioning System (gps) surveys in northwestern Sumatra and along the Nicobar-Andaman islands, continuous and campaign gps measurements from Thailand and Malaysia, and in situ and remotely sensed observations of the vertical motion of coral reefs. The coseismic model shows that the Sunda subduction megathrust ruptured over a distance of about 1500 km and a width of less than 150 km, releasing a total moment of 6.7–7.0 × 1022 N m, equivalent to a magnitude Mw ∼9.15. The latitudinal distribution of released moment in our model has three distinct peaks at about 4° N, 7° N, and 9° N, which compares well to the latitudinal variations seen in the seismic inversion and of the analysis of radiated T waves. Our coseismic model is also consistent with interpretation of normal modes and with the amplitude of very-long-period surface waves. The tsunami predicted from this model fits relatively well the altimetric measurements made by the jason and topex satellites. Neither slow nor delayed slip is needed to explain the normal modes and the tsunami wave. The near-field geodetic data that encompass both coseismic deformation and up to 40 days of postseismic deformation require that slip must have continued on the plate interface after the 500-sec-long seismic rupture. The postseismic geodetic moment of about 2.4 × 1022 N m (Mw ∼8.8) is equal to about 30 ± 5% of the coseismic moment release. Evolution of postseismic deformation is consistent with rate-strengthening frictional afterslip. Online material: Summary of geodetic data used in this study.

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“…The plateau has been considered as the most prominent laboratory for exploring the continental collision mechanism (Molnar et al, 1993;Allegre et al, 1984) and climatic changes (Yao et al, 2013;Molnar et al, 1993). A large number of speculative hypotheses on the Tibetan evolution have been proposed, e.g., crustal shortening and thickening (England and Houseman, 1986), eastward strike-slip extrusions of SE Asia (Li et al, 2013;Tapponnier et al, 2001Tapponnier et al, , 1982, underthrust of the Indian lithosphere beneath Asia (Li et al, 2011;Haines et al, 2003;DeCelles et al, 2002;Chemenda et al, 2000;Owens and Zandt, 1997;Powell, 1986;Klootwijk et al, 1985), destabilization and collapse of the tectonically thickened lithospheric root (Chung et al., 2009, 2005Platt and England, 1994;Houseman et al, 1981), northward crustal injection model (Chemenda et al, 2000;Zhao and Morgan, 1985), and southward subduction of the Asian lithosphere beneath Tibet (Paul et al, 2001;Roger et al, 2000;Willett and Beaumont, 1994). Recent geological, geophysical and geochemical studies suggest that the Tibetan Plateau possesses lateral variations of the subduction-related mantle structure (e.g., Chen Y et al, 2015;Chen L et al, 2013;Liang et al, 2012;Searle et al, 2011;Zhao W et al, 2011;Zhao J et al, 2010;Li et al, 2008;Yang et al, 2015) and temporal-spatial variations in post-collisional magmatism(e.g., Wang R et al, 2015;…”

Section: Thermal and Topography Evolution On The India-asia Early Colmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of crustal eclogitization on plate subduction/collision dynamics: Implications for India-Asia collision

Huangfu

Wang

et al. 2016

J. Earth Sci.

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2D thermo-mechanical models are constructed to investigate the effects of oceanic and continental crustal eclogitization on plate dynamics at three successive stages of oceanic subduction, slab breakoff, and continental subduction. Crustal eclogitization directly increases the average slab density and accordingly the slab pull force, which makes the slab subduct deeply and steeply. Numerical results demonstrate that the duration time from initial continental collision to slab breakoff largely depends on the slab pull force. Specifically, eclogitization of subducted crust can greatly decrease the duration time, but increase the breakoff depth. The detachment of oceanic slab from the pro-continental lithosphere is accompanied with obvious exhumation of the subducted continental crust and a sharp uplift of the collision zone in response to the disappearance of downward drag force and the induced asthenospheric upwelling, especially under the condition of no or incomplete crustal eclogitization. During continental subduction, the slab dip angle is strongly correlated with eclogitization of subducted continental lower crust, which regulates the slab buoyancy nature. Our model results can provide several important implications for the Himalayan-Tibetan collision zone. For example, it is possible that the lateral variations in the degree of eclogitization of the subducted Indian crust might to some extent contribute to the lateral variations of subduction angle along the Himalayan orogenic belt. Moreover, the accumulation of highly radiogenic sediments and upper continental crustal materials at the active margin in combination with the strong shear heating due to continuous continental subduction together cause rising of isotherms in the accretionary wedge, which facilitate the development of crustal partial melting and metamorphism.

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The motion and active deformation of India

Abstract: Abstract.Measurements of surface displacements using

Cited by 255 publications

References 20 publications

Postseismic deformation of the Andaman Islands following the 26 December, 2004 Great Sumatra–Andaman earthquake

Postseismic deformation of the Andaman Islands following the 26 December, 2004 Great Sumatra–Andaman earthquake

Coseismic Slip and Afterslip of the GreatMw 9.15 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake of 2004

Effects of crustal eclogitization on plate subduction/collision dynamics: Implications for India-Asia collision

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