The Most Predominant Spoligopatterns of &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; Isolates among Iranian, Afghan-Immigrant, Pakistani and Turkish Tuberculosis Patients: A Comparative Analysis

Merza, Muayad Aghali; Farnia, Parissa; Salih, Ahmad M.; Masjedi, Mohammad Reza; Velayati, Ali Akbar

doi:10.1159/000316846

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…M306V were linked to typical Beijing isolates, while M306L was relatively rare and found in 3 atypical Beijing strains. The Beijing genotype has been associated with younger patients, which reveals a high transmission rate amongst individuals in this age group [24]. Beijing isolates are also frequently associated with MDR TB and serious efforts should therefore be made to prevent its transmission [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

embB306 Mutations as Molecular Indicators to Predict Ethambutol Susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

et al. 2012

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Background: Discordant results in conventional susceptibility testing of ethambutol against Mycobacterium tuberculosis may lead to underreporting of drug resistance. Methods: A 240-bp region of the embB gene in 111 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis was sequenced and examined for mutations linked to ethambutol resistance. The phenotypic susceptibility levels of the isolates were quantified by the BACTEC™ MGIT 960™ TB System and correlated with the genotypic test results. These data were analyzed to find information that could be used to clarify discordant ethambutol susceptibility test results. Results: Mutations M306I (n = 56), M306V (n = 18) and M306L (n = 3) in M. tuberculosis showed decreased susceptibility to ethambutol. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in 73% (56/77) of embB306 mutants were at or just above the critical concentration (MICs, 5.0 to ≤12.5 µg/ml) of ethambutol reflecting borderline (or intermediate) resistance. Eight ethambutol-resistant isolates lacked embB mutations, probably due to mutational alterations elsewhere in the genome. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that clinical isolates containing embB306 mutations with MICs overlapping the critical concentration are associated with discordant ethambutol susceptibility test results. The clinical significance of borderline resistance in combination treatment of tuberculosis remains to be determined before alternative ethambutol breakpoints are considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

embB306 Mutations as Molecular Indicators to Predict Ethambutol Susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

et al. 2012

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“…The CAS family is essentially localized in Central and Middle Eastern Asia [16]. It belongs to ancient TB and its prevalence is steadily decreasing from South Asia to Western Asia [31]. This genotype might be an ancestor of the Beijing lineage since it clusters close to Beijing when analyzed by a combination of MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First insight into the drug resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Dohuk, Iraq: Using spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR to characterize multidrug resistant strains

Merza

Farnia

Salih

et al. 2011

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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The objectives of this study were to determine drug resistance pattern in new and previously treated tuberculosis (TB) patients, to assess function of TB control program, and to characterize multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) by molecular fingerprinting methods. Anti-microbial susceptibility testing (AST) to the first line anti-TB drugs was performed on Löwenstein-Jensen (middlebrook 7H10) medium according to the proportion method. Molecular fingerprinting of all MDR strains was performed by spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR. Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were isolated from 53 Iraqi patients with pulmonary TB. Thirty eight patients (71.7%) tested cases, and 15 (28.3%) were previously treated. Four of the 38 new cases (10.5%) had resistant, of which 3 (7.9%) were MDR. Eight (53.3%) of the 15 previously treated patients had resistant strains, of which 7 (46.7%) were MDR. Spoligotyping of MDR strains showed CAS family (40%) as the predominant genotype. Using MIRU-VNTR typing, all isolates had a unique profile. MDR-TB prevalence is higher among previously treated patients than among the new cases. The many drug resistant strains, in absence of evidence of recent transmission and in combination with the many previously treated cases, highlight the need for an improved control program, coupled with a need to improve detection rate and early diagnosis of MDR-TB.

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“…The identification of M. tuberculosis complex strains was based on conventional methods such as niacin, nitrate reduction, catalase 68, and pigment production. [5]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti tuberculosis drug resistance in west of Iran

Mohajeri

Norozi

Atashi

2014

J Global Infect Dis

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Background and Objective:Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed resistance to antituberculosis drugs and becoming a major and alarming public health problem in worldwide. This study was aimed to determine antituberculosis drug resistance rate and to identify multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in West of Iran.Materials and Methods:Of 130 samples were included between December 2011 and July 2012 in the study from that 112 cases were M. tuberculosis. The proportional method was carried out according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute on Lowenstein-Jensen against isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, para aminosalicylic acid, ethionamide, cycloserine (CYC). The microdilution method was carried out using 7H9 broth with 96 well-plates.Results:From 112 isolates, resistance was observed to isoniazid 18 (16.07%), rifampicin 16 (14.28%), streptomycin 25 (22.32%), ethambutol 15 (13.39%), pyrazinamide 27 (24.10%), para aminosalicylic acid 19 (16.96%), CYC 4 (3.57%), and ethionamide 14 (12.5%) cases. 16 isolates were MDR.Conclusion:The high prevalence of MDR-TB in our study is assumed to be due to recent transmission of drug-resistant strains. Overall, the rate of drug resistance in our study was high, which is in line with findings of some high-burden countries. Hence that early case detection, rapid drug susceptibility testing, and effective anti-TB treatment is necessary.

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The Most Predominant Spoligopatterns of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Isolates among Iranian, Afghan-Immigrant, Pakistani and Turkish Tuberculosis Patients: A Comparative Analysis

Cited by 24 publications

References 57 publications

<b><i>embB</i></b>306 Mutations as Molecular Indicators to Predict Ethambutol Susceptibility in <b><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i></b>

<b><i>embB</i></b>306 Mutations as Molecular Indicators to Predict Ethambutol Susceptibility in <b><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i></b>

First insight into the drug resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Dohuk, Iraq: Using spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR to characterize multidrug resistant strains

Anti tuberculosis drug resistance in west of Iran

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