The morphometry of materno–fetal oxygen exchange barrier in a baboon model of obesity

Samson, Jacques; Mari, Giancarlo; Dick, Edward J.; Hubbard, Gene B.; Ferry, Robert J.; Schlabritz‐Loutsevitch, Natalia

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2011.07.083

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…We previously described that placental, fetal, and maternal responses to MO in baboons ( Papio spp. ) strikingly resemble the changes described in human pregnancies [20, 21]. The present work aimed to characterize ECB responses to MO in a baboon model, based on hypothesis that local (placental and maternal fat) and circulating ECB tone would increase in obese mothers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Endocannabinoid crosstalk between placenta and maternal fat in a baboon model (Papio spp.) of obesity

et al. 2013

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Introduction Maternal obesity (MO) remains a serious obstetric problem with acute and chronic morbidities for both mothers and offspring. The mechanisms underlying these adverse consequences of MOremain unknown. Endocannabinoids (ECB) are neuromodulatory lipids derived from adipocytes. Metabolic crosstalk between placenta and adipocytes may mediate sequelae of MO. The goal of this study was to elucidate placental and systemic ECBs in MO. Material and methods Placentas, serum, and subcutaneous fat were collected at Cesarean sections performed near term (0.9 G) in four non-obese (nOB) and four obese (OB) baboons (Papio spp.). Concentrations of anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) were measured by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. AEA and 2-AG pathways were characterized in placentas by Q-RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Results Placental 2-AG levels were lower and maternal fat AEA levels were higher in OB (1254.1 ± 401.3 nmol/kg and 17.3 ± 4 nmol/kg ) vs. nOB (3124.2 ± 557.3 nmol/kg and 3.1 ± 0.6 nmol/kg) animals. Concentrations of 2-AG correlated positively between maternal fat and placenta (r=0.82, p=0.013), but correlated negatively with maternal leptin concentrations (r=−0.72, p=0.04 and r=−0.83, p=0.01, respectively). Conclusion This is the first study to demonstrate differential ECB pathway regulation in maternal fat and placenta in MO. Differential regulation and function exist for AEA and 2-AG as the major ECB pathways in placenta.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Circulating leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay in a single assay according to the manufacturer’s instructions (LINCO Research, Inc., St. Charles, MO) as described previously Intra-assay coefficient of variation (%CV) was 3.0% at leptin concentration of 4.9 ng/mL[21]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid crosstalk between placenta and maternal fat in a baboon model (Papio spp.) of obesity

et al. 2013

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“…Besides other organs, this approach has been used to investigate the development of placental tissues with special reference to the feto-maternal exchanges in the human placenta [3,4]. Stereology contributed to clarify key issues on normal and perturbed morphogenesis in human placentation [4-8], but this method has been also applied to placentation in animal species such as the mouse [9], the bovine, including cloned specimens [10,11], the horse [12-14] and non-human primates [15,16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of the placenta in the New World mouse Necromys lasiurus (Rodentia, Cricetidae): a comparison of placental development in cricetids and murids

Favaron

Mess

Oliveira

et al. 2013

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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BackgroundStereology is an established method to extrapolate three-dimensional quantities from two-dimensional images. It was applied to placentation in the mouse, but not yet for other rodents. Herein, we provide the first study on quantitative placental development in a sigmodontine rodent species with relatively similar gestational time. Placental structure was also compared to the mouse, in order to evaluate similarities and differences in developmental patterns at the end of gestation.MethodsFetal and placental tissues of Necromys lasiurus were collected and weighed at 3 different stages of gestation (early, mid and late gestation) for placental stereology. The total and relative volumes of placenta and of its main layers were investigated. Volume fractions of labyrinth components were quantified by the One Stop method in 31 placentae collected from different individuals, using the Mercator® software. Data generated at the end of gestation from N. lasiurus placentae were compared to those of Mus musculus domesticus obtained at the same stage.ResultsA significant increase in the total absolute volumes of the placenta and its main layers occurred from early to mid-gestation, followed by a reduction near term, with the labyrinth layer becoming the most prominent area. Moreover, at the end of gestation, the total volume of the mouse placenta was significantly increased compared to that of N. lasiurus although the proportions of the labyrinth layer and junctional zones were similar. Analysis of the volume fractions of the components in the labyrinth indicated a significant increase in fetal vessels and sinusoidal giant cells, a decrease in labyrinthine trophoblast whereas the proportion of maternal blood space remained stable in the course of gestation. On the other hand, in the mouse, volume fractions of fetal vessels and sinusoidal giant cells decreased whereas the volume fraction of labyrinthine trophoblast increased compared to N. lasiurus placenta.ConclusionsPlacental development differed between N. lasiurus and M. musculus domesticus. In particular, the low placental efficiency in N. lasiurus seemed to induce morphological optimization of fetomaternal exchanges. In conclusion, despite similar structural aspects of placentation in these species, the quantitative dynamics showed important differences.

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“…The placental structure and function of Old World non-human primates (NHP) greatly resembles that of humans, including the development of the villous tree, hemochorial placentation, intervillous space (IVS) circulation, and the structure of materno-fetal oxygen barrier (12, 13). Pioneering work by Ramsey et al detailed hemodynamic parameters for IVS and uterine blood flow in the rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abruptio placentae in the baboon (Papio spp.)

Schenone

Schlabritz‐Loutsevitch

Zhang

et al. 2012

Placenta

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Introduction Placental abruption is a serious condition that increases perinatal morbidity and mortality. Clinical prevention and treatment options are limited, especially in human preterm deliveries. Knowledge of the mechanisms that keep the placenta in place during pregnancy is critical for developing strategies for the prevention of abruption. Failure of physiological transformation of spiral arteries has been described as a major contributing factor of the placental abruption development. Baboons (Papio spp.) share striking similarities with humans in regard to placental structure, utero-placental blood flow, and fetal development; however, the mode of trophoblast invasion is shallow in baboons. This fact prompted the hypothesis that the incidence of placental abruption will be increased in baboons compared to humans. Material and methods Baboon placentas were collected between 2002 and 2008. Two independent veterinary pathologists evaluated the slides. A certified physician pathologist performed additional histology. Results Placental abruption was diagnosed in 22 baboons among 2,423 live births during the study period (0.9% prevalence). The most common clinical presentations were fetal demise and vaginal bleeding. The most common pathological findings were intraplacental hemorrhage with or without hematoma formation (86.4%). Other findings consisted of neutrophil infiltration (50%), decidual necrosis (22.7%), decidual vascular congestion and inflammation, villous congestion and retroplacental hemorrhage/hematoma (18.2%). These pathologic findings were the same for term and preterm deliveries. Conclusion This is the first systematic study of placental abruption in non-human primates, analyzing a large colony of baboons. Despite differences in trophoblast invasion, the clinical features observed in placental abruption affecting baboons resembled those reported in humans. The cluster of placental pathological findings in baboons also agreed with clinical reports, but the prevalence of these findings differed between baboons and humans. We discuss a mechanism of anti-abruption forces that offset shallow trophoblast invasion observed in baboons.

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The morphometry of materno–fetal oxygen exchange barrier in a baboon model of obesity

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

Endocannabinoid crosstalk between placenta and maternal fat in a baboon model (Papio spp.) of obesity

Endocannabinoid crosstalk between placenta and maternal fat in a baboon model (Papio spp.) of obesity

Morphometric analysis of the placenta in the New World mouse Necromys lasiurus (Rodentia, Cricetidae): a comparison of placental development in cricetids and murids

Abruptio placentae in the baboon (Papio spp.)

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