The morphology and microtexture of M7C3 carbides in Fe-Cr-C and Fe-Cr-C-Si alloys of near eutectic composition

Powell, G. L. F.; Carlson, R. A.; Randlè, Valerie

doi:10.1007/bf00356539

Cited by 62 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The content of Fe/Cr carbides is 57.1% with size of 30-200 lm [14]. The chemistry of the Fe/Cr carbides is reported for hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloys in literature to be M 7 C 3 structure [21][22][23][24]. The hardness values of the ledeburitic matrix, which are determined to be about 800 HV0.1, are close to the results given by Fischer and Buytoz [25,26].…”

Section: Materials and Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 84%

Wear Mechanisms at High Temperatures. Part 1: Wear Mechanisms of Different Fe-Based Alloys at Elevated Temperatures

et al. 2009

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To extend the lifetime of the sinter grate used to crush the sinter cake into smaller pieces for steel fabrication, a study was undertaken to investigate which wear processes are primarily responsible for limiting the lifetime of the sinter grate. Several wear processes could be identified. The sinter temperature which is up to 800°C causes temperature-induced material ageing and oxidation. The falling of the sinter cake onto the sinter grate causes high impacts, erosion and abrasive wear. There is enormous economic pressure, which makes the most cost-efficient solution the most attractive one, not the technically ''best'' coating material; thus, Fe-Cr-C hardfacing alloys are mostly used. In view of the above, four different alloys which are promising for this application were studied with regard to their wear resistance. Each wear mechanism was investigated in a special test tribometer. Fatigue wear caused by multiple impacts and abrasion was tested in the high-temperature continuous impact abrasion test. Materials behaviour in heavy single impacts was evaluated in the single impact test. Characterisation of microstructure and wear behaviour was performed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained with the help of the different measurement techniques were linked and set into comparison to calculate the volumetric wear of the specimen. Aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the material parameters such as macrohardness, hard phase content, microstructure coarseness on the wear resistance in impact loading and abrasive applications at high temperatures. Results also indicate that the matrix ability to bind carbides at high temperature as well as the matrix hardness at high temperatures strongly influence the wear resistance in the different tests. Those material parameters get correlated to the wear rates in different material demands. The test results indicate that at higher temperatures material fatigue becomes a major wear-determining factor which makes the matrix hardness and the matrix ability to bind carbides at high temperatures very important. Especially, in abrasive wear, a certain content of hard phases is also necessary to keep the wear to a lower level. It could also be shown that in impact loading applications, a coarse microstructure is a disadvantage.

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Section: Materials and Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 84%

Wear Mechanisms at High Temperatures. Part 1: Wear Mechanisms of Different Fe-Based Alloys at Elevated Temperatures

et al. 2009

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“…The content of Fe/Cr carbides is listed in Table 5.3 to 57.1 % at a size of 30-200 μm. The chemistry of the Fe/Cr carbides is reported for hypereutectic FeCrC alloys in literature to M 7 C 3 structure [38][39][40][41]. The hardness values of the ledeburitic matrix determined to be about 800 HV0.1, are close to previous investigations from Fischer [42] and Buytoz [43].…”

Section: Martensitic Steelsupporting

confidence: 83%

Hardfacing for Wear, Erosion and Abrasion

Badisch

Roy

2013

Surface Engineering for Enhanced Performance Against Wear

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Weld overlay coatings also known as hardfacing is a method which involves solidification for applied coatings. This method is as old as welding process and was first applied by J.W. Spencer in 1896. This technique offers unique advantages over other processes in that the overlay/substrate weld provides a metallurgical bond which is not susceptible to spallation and can easily be applied free of porosity and other defects. Weld deposits can have a thickness as high as 10 mm. Hardfacing process can be carried out easily even in on site. The process is also extremely versatile as a large variety of materials can be deposited for protection against degradation.Weld overlay coatings can be classified under four different categories. These are (1) surface cladding where a thick layer of materials is applied and the overlay layer can have completely different composition from the substrate, (2) hardfacing where a materials more resistant to degradation is applied with good metallurgical bonding and the composition can be close in terms of composition to that of the substrate, (3) build up where a weld deposit is applied to restore the original dimension of the component and the composition of the build layer is exactly similar to that of the substrate and (4) buttering where an intermediate layer is deposited before applying the final coating.The materials used for hardfacing should have melting point close to or lower than the substrate materials. During hardfacing, the temperature of the coating

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“…The content of Fe/Cr carbides is 57.1% with size of 30-200 lm. The chemistry of the Fe/Cr carbides for hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloys in literature is referred to as M 7 C 3 structure [21][22][23][24]. The hardness values of the ledeburitic matrix which are determined to be about 800 HV0.1 are close to results shown by Fischer and Buytoz [25] and [26].…”

Section: Materials and Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Wear Mechanisms at High Temperatures: Part 2: Temperature Effect on Wear Mechanisms in the Erosion Test

et al. 2009

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In previous investigations on wear mechanisms at high temperatures made in High Temperature-Single Impact Test (HT-SIT) and High Temperature-Continuous Impact Abrasion Test (HT-CIAT), predominant wear mechanisms were identified and correlations to different material parameters could be presumed. In order to confirm these correlations, four different alloys which are promising to be used in high temperature applications like a sinter grate have been studied in the High Temperature-Erosion Test (HT-ET) by the use of different impact angles and different impact energies. Especially the change of wear mechanism caused by increasing testing temperature was analysed in detail. Characterisation of microstructure and wear behaviour has been done by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results obtained by the use of the different measurement techniques were linked and set into comparison to calculate the volumetric wear of the specimen. Predominant wear mechanisms were determined using OM in the mode of cross-section images and SEM. The results indicate that material parameters such as hardness and hard phase content can be correlated to the erosion wear rates at different impact angles. The test results indicate that at higher temperatures, the material fatigue becomes a major wear-determining factor. The test results also confirmed that there is a critical impact energy for each material above where the wear rate increases significantly. Test results with thermally aged materials also show that a better heat-resistant matrix reduces the material fatigue thus resulting in lower wear rates.

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The morphology and microtexture of M7C3 carbides in Fe-Cr-C and Fe-Cr-C-Si alloys of near eutectic composition

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

Wear Mechanisms at High Temperatures. Part 1: Wear Mechanisms of Different Fe-Based Alloys at Elevated Temperatures

Wear Mechanisms at High Temperatures. Part 1: Wear Mechanisms of Different Fe-Based Alloys at Elevated Temperatures

Hardfacing for Wear, Erosion and Abrasion

Wear Mechanisms at High Temperatures: Part 2: Temperature Effect on Wear Mechanisms in the Erosion Test

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