The Moricandia syndrome in species of the Brassicaceae - evolutionary aspects

Apel, P.; Horstmann, Christian; Pfeffer, Michael

doi:10.1023/a:1022108229082

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As well as the analyses in Flaveria , some molecular information is also available on Gldp genes in Brassicaceae. C 4 photosynthesis does not appear to have evolved in Brassicaceae (Sage et al ., ), but C 2 plants have been described in the genera Moricandia and Diplotaxis (Apel et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C₂‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

2015

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SUMMARYThe transition of C 3 , via C 2 towards C 4 photosynthesis is an important example of stepwise evolution of a complex genetic trait. A common feature that was gradually emphasized during this trajectory is the evolution of a CO 2 concentration mechanism around Rubisco. In C 2 plants, this mechanism is based on tissue-specific accumulation of glycine decarboxylase (GDC) in bundle sheath (BS) cells, relative to global expression in the cells of C 3 leaves. This limits photorespiratory CO 2 release to BS cells. Because BS cells are surrounded by photosynthetically active mesophyll cells, this arrangement enhances the probability of re-fixation of CO 2 . The restriction of GDC to BS cells was mainly achieved by confinement of its P-subunit (GLDP). Here, we provide a mechanism for the establishment of C 2 -type gene expression by studying the upstream sequences of C 3 Gldp genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Deletion of 59 bp in the upstream region of AtGldp1 restricted expression of a reporter gene to BS cells and the vasculature without affecting diurnal variation. This region was named the 'M box'. Similar results were obtained for the AtGldp2 gene. Fusion of the M box to endogenous or exogenous promoters supported mesophyll expression. Nucleosome densities at the M box were low, suggesting an open chromatin structure facilitating transcription factor binding. In silico analysis defined a possible consensus for the element that was conserved across the Brassicaceae, but not in Moricandia nitens, a C 2 plant. Collective results provide evidence that a simple mutation is sufficient for establishment of C 2 -specific gene expression in a C 3 plant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C₂‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

2015

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“…These leaf anatomical and biochemical features in D. muralis were reflected in the intermediate Γ value and the response of Γ to decreased light intensity. Apel et al (1997) On the basis of morphological and cytological studies, Harberd and McArthur (1972) suggested that D. muralis is an allotetraploid species derived from D. tenuifolia and D. viminea. D. viminea is native to the western Mediterranean area, and its distribution overlaps with that of D. tenuifolia over a large part of southern Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the Cruciferae, almost all species are C 3 type, but some C 3 -C 4 intermediate species have been documented. No C 4 species has been found (Apel et al, 1997). The C 3 -C 4 intermediate species occur in the genera Moricandia, Diplotaxis, and Brassica and perform C 3 -C 4 intermediate photosynthesis without the C 4 cycle (Hunt et al, 1987;Apel, 1996;Apel et al, 1997;Ueno et al, 2003).…”

Section: Evidence From Photosynthetic Characteristics For the Hybrid mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No C 4 species has been found (Apel et al, 1997). The C 3 -C 4 intermediate species occur in the genera Moricandia, Diplotaxis, and Brassica and perform C 3 -C 4 intermediate photosynthesis without the C 4 cycle (Hunt et al, 1987;Apel, 1996;Apel et al, 1997;Ueno et al, 2003). Artificial intra-and inter-generic hybridizations have been successfully carried out between C 3 -C 4 intermediate species and C 3 species in this family (Apel et al, 1984;Bang et al, 1996;O'Neill et al, 1996;Rawsthorne et al, 1998;Yan et al, 1999;Bang et al, 2003;Ueno et al, 2003).…”

Section: Evidence From Photosynthetic Characteristics For the Hybrid mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This hybrid speciation is supported by the fact that D. muralis has morphological traits intermediate between those of the other two species (Harberd and McArthur, 1972). Interestingly, the putative parents are a C 3 -C 4 intermediate and a C 3 species (Apel, 1996;Apel et al, 1997;Ueno et al, 2003), suggesting that D. muralis may have originated by hybridization between species with different photosynthetic types. A recent study with artificial hybrids between D. tenuifolia (C 3 -C 4 ) and Raphanus sativus (C 3 ) has demonstrated that the leaf anatomical and photosynthetic characteristics are correctly inherited from the parents by hybrids according to the genome constitution of the parents (Ueno et al, 2003 We examined and compared the leaf structures, intercellular localization of GDC, and gas exchange characteristics of the three Diplotaxis species.…”

Section: Evidence From Photosynthetic Characteristics For the Hybrid mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence from Photosynthetic Characteristics for the Hybrid Origin of Diplotaxis muralis from a C₃‐C₄ Intermediate and a C₃ Species

et al. 2006

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Artificial hybridization studies have been carried out between plants with different photosynthetic types to study the genetic mechanism of photosynthetic types. However, there are only few reports describing the possibility of natural hybridization between plants with different photosynthetic types. A previous cytological and morphological study suggested that a cruciferous allotetraploid species, Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. (2n = 42), originated from natural hybridization between D. tenuifolia (L.) DC. (2n = 22) and D. viminea (L.) DC. (2n = 20). These putative parents have recently been reported to be a C (3)-C (4) intermediate and a C (3) species, respectively. If this hybridization occurred, D. muralis should have characteristics intermediate between those of the C (3)-C (4) intermediate and C (3) types. We compared leaf structures and photosynthetic characteristics of the three species. The bundle sheath (BS) cells in D. tenuifolia included many centripetally located chloroplasts and mitochondria, but those of D. viminea had only a few organelles. The BS cells in D. muralis displayed intermediate features between the putative parents. Glycine decarboxylase P protein was confined to the BS mitochondria in D. tenuifolia, but accumulated mainly in the mesophyll mitochondria in D. viminea. In D. muralis, it accumulated in both the BS and the mesophyll mitochondria. Values of CO (2) compensation point and its response to changing light intensity were also intermediate between the putative parents. These data support the theory that D. muralis was created by natural hybridization between species with different photosynthetic types.

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Brassicaceae in Agriculture

Warwick

2010

Genetics and Genomics of the Brassicaceae

118

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The Moricandia syndrome in species of the Brassicaceae - evolutionary aspects

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C₂‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C₂‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

Evidence from Photosynthetic Characteristics for the Hybrid Origin of Diplotaxis muralis from a C₃‐C₄ Intermediate and a C₃ Species

Brassicaceae in Agriculture

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The Moricandia syndrome in species of the Brassicaceae - evolutionary aspects

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C2‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C2‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

Evidence from Photosynthetic Characteristics for the Hybrid Origin of Diplotaxis muralis from a C3‐C4 Intermediate and a C3 Species

Brassicaceae in Agriculture

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A simple mechanism for the establishment of C₂‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

A simple mechanism for the establishment of C₂‐specific gene expression in Brassicaceae

Evidence from Photosynthetic Characteristics for the Hybrid Origin of Diplotaxis muralis from a C₃‐C₄ Intermediate and a C₃ Species