The Moral Integration of American Cities. II

Angell, Robert C.

doi:10.1086/225849

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Crime rates were computed by averaging rates over the years 1969, 1970, and 1971 for the seven index crimes and the violent and property crime indexes.2 A measure of geographic mobility is more problematic. Angell (1974) found that the net migration information available in the 1970 Census reports was not helpful for this type of analysi~.~ Available gross migration data cover 1965-1970. Angell found that attempts to compute an outmigration measure from a combination of these data were not fruitful, because it was necessary to assume that migration was the same during 1960-1965 as it was for 1965-1970.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Rate and Social Integration The Impact of Metropolitan Mobility

1982

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This article examines the effect of resb!mtbl mobility on the c r i m rates of the 65 largest Standard Metropolitan StatisticalAreas in the country. Mobility variables and population size are found to be better predietors of s m crimes than measures traditionally w e d to measure the opportunity structure. A contextual interpretation of the mobilitylcrime rate relationship is posited High rata of mobility are believed to negatively affect social integration, which decreases the effectiveness of community informal control mechanisms. Criminal Sheriffs OfficeSociologists have sought explanations for crime primarily in societal conditions. These explanations may be grouped into two types. Those explanations receiving the most attention in recent years focus on marginal societal situations and attributes of potential offenders that deny access to or impede the use of approved means. This position forms the basic premises of anomie theory as formulated by Merton (1968), of the various Marxian formulations, particularly conflict theory, and, less directly, of critical theory. The second type of explanation focuseson the degree of social integration. Particular attention is paid to the individual's integration into a meaningful network of social relations and the extent to which values and behavior of that network correspond to those of society. This focus can be traced to many of the founders of sociology, particularly Durkheim, and is linked to conceptions of social disorgani-AUTHORS NOTE: The research for this project was partially supported NICHD Grant RO1 HDo6911-01. W e would like to thank Jeff Reynuldp, Mayer Z d d , Michael Hughes, Susan Kinne, and a m -revieUrers for their commnents

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Rate and Social Integration The Impact of Metropolitan Mobility

1982

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“…Ethnic heterogeneity may also hinder the formation of social relationships and the ability of community members to achieve a consensus regarding goals, values, and norms. Thus, ethnic heterogeneity may negatively influence community social resources (Angell, 1974; Sampson & Groves, 1989). Interestingly, the level of ethnic heterogeneity is a key factor.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Context of Social Resources and Adolescent Mental Health

Wickrama

Bryant

2003

J of Marriage and Family

161

184

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This study investigated cross‐level mediational and moderational community and family influences on adolescent depressive symptoms. Using multilevel data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we predicted that structural community characteristics such as community poverty and ethnic heterogeneity would influence community social resources, which in turn would influence adolescent depressive symptoms. We further predicted that community social resources would influence adolescent depressive symptoms through family social resources. Findings also suggested that the influence of the parent‐child relationship on adolescent depressive symptoms is weaker in more adverse communities than in less adverse communities. The findings underscore the importance of placing family process models within the community context when adolescent outcomes are investigated.

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“…Such communities are also more stressful for residents, so drug use offers a release from chaotic social contexts (Agnew, 1999). In a similar vein, ethnically heterogeneous communities tend to be more disorganized because residents are less likely to share similar cultural and social characteristics (Angell, 1974; Sampson & Groves, 1989). This diminishes shared supervision of community residents, allowing more diverse activities by youth, including delinquency and drug use (Smith & Jarjoura, 1988).…”

Section: The Community Context Of Family Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Community Context of Family Structure and Adolescent Drug Use

Hoffmann

2002

J of Marriage and Family

138

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Using data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study (NELS), this article investigates a number of hypotheses used to explain the relationship between family structure and adolescent drug use. In particular, using linked communitylevel data, an explicit examination of hypotheses drawn from a community-context model is conducted. These hypotheses posit that the impact of family structure on adolescent behavior is, in part, explained by the different types of communities within which families reside and that community characteristics moderate the impact of family structure on drug use. The results of multilevel regression models fail to support these hypotheses; adolescents who reside in single-parent or stepparent families are at heightened risk of drug use irrespective of community context. Moreover, adolescents who reside in single father families are at risk of both higher levels of use and increasing use over time. A significant communitylevel effect involves jobless men: Adolescents are at increased risk of drug use if they reside in communities with a higher proportion of unemployed and out-of-workforce men.Although the prevalence of some forms of adolescent drug use has decreased in recent years (Johnston, O'Malley, & Bachman, 2000), the etiology of use continues to be an important research Department of Sociology, 844 SWKT, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 (JohnHoffmann@byu.edu).

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The Moral Integration of American Cities. II

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Crime Rate and Social Integration The Impact of Metropolitan Mobility

Crime Rate and Social Integration The Impact of Metropolitan Mobility

Community Context of Social Resources and Adolescent Mental Health

The Community Context of Family Structure and Adolescent Drug Use

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