The Molybdenum Oxide Interface Limits the High-Temperature Operational Stability of Unencapsulated Perovskite Solar Cells

Schloemer, Tracy H.; Raiford, James A.; Gehan, Timothy S.; Moot, Taylor; Nanayakkara, Sanjini U.; Harvey, Steven P.; Bramante, Rosemary C.; Dunfield, Sean P.; Louks, Amy E.; Maughan, Annalise E.; Bliss, Lyle Brewster; McGehee, Michael D.; Hest, Maikel F.A.M. van; Reese, Matthew O.; Bent, Stacey F.; Berry, Joseph J.; Luther, Joseph M.; Sellinger, Alan

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01023

Cited by 52 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Future experiments on a thin evaporated organic HTLs in substrate-configuration PSCs should focus on assessing (long-term) stability. An issue of possible concern is the (thermal) instability of the organic HTL/MoO 3 interface as identified by Sellinger et al 18 and as found in this work for the TCTA/MoO 3 interface. Possibly organic HTLs with high glass transition temperatures can be beneficial in this respect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Thin Thermally Evaporated Organic Hole Transport Layers for Reduced Optical Losses in Substrate-Configuration Perovskite Solar Cells

Feleki

Weijtens

Wienk

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Parasitic optical absorption is one of the root causes of the moderate efficiency of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an opaque substrate configuration. Here, we investigate the reduction of these optical losses by using thin (7–10 nm), undoped, thermally evaporated 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[ N , N -di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD), N , N ′-di(1-naphthyl)- N , N ′-diphenyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine) (NPB), and tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine) (TCTA) hole transport layers (HTLs). Of these, NPB is found to offer the best compromise between efficiency and stability. In semitransparent n–i–p configuration PSCs with an indium tin oxide bottom and a MoO 3 /thin-Au/ZnS dielectric–metal–dielectric top electrode, NPB gives 14.9% and 10.7% efficiency for bottom and top illumination, respectively. The corresponding substrate-configuration PSC fabricated on an Au bottom electrode has 13.1% efficiency. Compared to a 14.0% efficient PSC with a thick spin-coated doped spiro-OMeTAD layer, the cell with NPB provides an improved short-circuit current density but has slightly lower open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Detailed analysis of the optical losses in the opaque devices demonstrates that evaporated NPB offers negligible parasitic absorption compared to solution-processed spiro-OMeTAD. The optical losses that remain are due to absorption and reflection of the transparent top electrode.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Thin Thermally Evaporated Organic Hole Transport Layers for Reduced Optical Losses in Substrate-Configuration Perovskite Solar Cells

Feleki

Weijtens

Wienk

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…Despite the advantages of MoO x , several issues have been reported, including optical loss due to photochromic behavior, [ 96,97 ] reactivity with perovskite, [ 98 ] and thermal instability. [ 99 ] Ongoing research aims to replace MoO x with VO x or WO x , both of which are more stable than MoO x . Indeed, WO x was reported to be the most stable among high‐WF n‐type SOOMs, but without an additional treatment, severe FF loss occurs owing to its low hole conductivity and large energetic mismatch with HPSCs.…”

Section: Recent Progress In Sooms For Hpscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in the Semiconducting Oxide Overlayer for Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Woo

Choi

Lee

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Halide perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) contain charge transport layers (CTLs) both above and below the photoactive perovskite layer. These semiconducting CTLs are just as important as the perovskite layer to fully realizing the potential of perovskite materials. In particular, semiconducting oxide overlayer materials (SOOMs) are expected to lower costs and provide better long‐term stability compared to the organic semiconducting materials commonly used for the upper layer. However, SOOM‐based HPSCs are currently less efficient than conventional devices owing to SOOM's deposition constraints imposed by the underlying perovskite layer. This progress report focuses on the recent evolution of SOOM‐based HPSCs by describing the key issues and recent advances in SOOM deposition methods. Finally, remaining challenges and future research directions for SOOMs are discussed to provide guidance toward the commercialization of HPSCs.

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“…Additionally, the high transparency of MO x permits their application in inverted PSC configurations [17]. However, most importantly, the incorporation of the MO x layer was found to be efficient in improving the operational stability of PSCs [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Metal Oxide and Polytriarylamine: A Design Principle to Improve the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Tepliakova

Mikheeva²,

Somov³

et al. 2021

Energies

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In the last decade, perovskite photovoltaics gained popularity as a potential rival for crystalline silicon solar cells, which provide comparable efficiency for lower fabrication costs. However, insufficient stability is still a bottleneck for technology commercialization. One of the key aspects for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is encapsulating the photoactive material with the hole-transport layer (HTL) with low gas permeability. Recently, it was shown that the double HTL comprising organic and inorganic parts can perform the protective function. Herein, a systematic investigation and comparison of four double HTLs incorporating polytriarylamine and thermally evaporated transition metal oxides in the highest oxidation state are presented. In particular, it was shown that MoOx, WOx, and VOx-based double HTLs provided stable performance of PSCs for 1250 h, while devices with NbOx lost 30% of their initial efficiency after 1000 h. Additionally, the encapsulating properties of all four double HTLs were studied in trilayer stacks with HTL covering perovskite, and insignificant changes in the absorber composition were registered after 1000 h under illumination. Finally, it was demonstrated using ToF-SIMS that the double HTL prevented the migration of perovskite volatile components within the structure. Our findings pave the way towards improved PSC design that ensures their long-term operational stability.

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The Molybdenum Oxide Interface Limits the High-Temperature Operational Stability of Unencapsulated Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 52 publications

References 71 publications

Thin Thermally Evaporated Organic Hole Transport Layers for Reduced Optical Losses in Substrate-Configuration Perovskite Solar Cells

Thin Thermally Evaporated Organic Hole Transport Layers for Reduced Optical Losses in Substrate-Configuration Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent Progress in the Semiconducting Oxide Overlayer for Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Combination of Metal Oxide and Polytriarylamine: A Design Principle to Improve the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

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