The molecular biology of bovine immunodeficiency virus: a comparison with other lentiviruses

St-Louis, Marie-Claude; Cojocariu, Mihaela; Archambault, Denis

doi:10.1079/ahr200496

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 225 publications

(270 reference statements)

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“…BIV infection is known to induce in cell cultures the formation of syncytia (large multinucleated cells), a dramatic event that is associated with the cytopathic effect of BIV (St-Louis et al, 2004). By terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay, which detects DNA breaks during the process of apoptosis, we found that BIV infection resulted in prominent apoptosis in FBL cells.…”

Section: Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus Triggers Prominent Apoptosis Imentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Similar to HTat, BTat contains five structural domains, i.e. acidic amino terminal region (amino acids 1-37), cysteine-rich region (38-51), core region (52-64), basic region (65-73) and carboxyl terminal region (74-103) (St-Louis et al, 2004). The cysteinerich regions of HTat and BTat share 50% sequence homology, and the core regions share 62% homology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BTat, a trans-acting regulatory protein, contributes to bovine immunodeficiency virus-induced apoptosis

Xuan

Qiao

et al. 2007

Cell Microbiol

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SummaryBovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) is a member of the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses highly related to human immunodeficiency virus in morphologic, antigenic and genomic features. BIV is known to induce chronic pathological changes in infected hosts, which are often associated with the development of immune-mediated lesions. However, the molecular events underlying the cytopathic effect of BIV remain poorly understood. In this study, BIV was found to induce apoptotic cell death, and a small trans-acting regulatory protein encoded by BIV, BTat, was found to participate in the pro-apoptotic action of BIV. Introduction of exogenous BTat to cells triggered apoptosis dramatically, as revealed by assays such as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling, nuclear morphology analysis, flow cytometry, and cleavages of caspases and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase. Interestingly, the proapoptotic effect of BTat was found to be mediated through its interaction with cellular microtubules and its interference with microtubule dynamics. These results provide the first evidence that induction of apoptosis may contribute to the cytopathic effect of BIV. In addition, these results uncover a novel role for BTat in regulating microtubule dynamics in addition to its conventional role in regulating gene transcription.

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Section: Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus Triggers Prominent Apoptosis Imentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BTat, a trans-acting regulatory protein, contributes to bovine immunodeficiency virus-induced apoptosis

Xuan

Qiao

et al. 2007

Cell Microbiol

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“…Moreover, BIV DNA can also be detected in bovine lung tissues [16]. BIV, which has a similar genome to HIV-1, is associated with chronic inflammatory diseases in infected cows [17]. Considering the similarity between BIV and HIV-1, BIV may contribute as alternative animal virus model for certain aspects of HIV research.…”

Section: Findingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine ISG15: an antiviral and inducible protein in BIV infected fetal bovine lung cells

Liu

Yao

et al. 2010

Virol J

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Bovine ISG15 (bISG15) is an interferon inducible ubiquitin-like protein that is responsible for the establishment of early pregnancy in ruminant, understanding the properties of bISG15 capable of being inducible in fetal bovine lung (FBL) cells upon infection of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) is of significant importance. In this study, we investigated the expression of bISG15 in poly I:C treated FBL cells. The increased expression of bISG15 was observed, and the inhibition of BIV replication was also detected in FBL cells. Elimination of bISG15 expression by small interfering RNA reversed the bISG15 mediated inhibition of BIV replication. These findings demonstrate that bISG15 plays an important role in inhibition of the BIV replication in FBL cells. Furthermore, real-time PCR and western blot assay revealed that bISG15's expression can also be induced in BIV infected FBL cells. Taken together, bISG15 is an antiviral and inducible protein in BIV infected FBL cells.

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“…The isolated virus was structurally similar to maedi-visna virus and was able to induce the formation of syncytia in cell cultures. It shares morphologic, genetic, antigenic and/or biologic properties with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other animal lentiviruses [2][3][4]. The attribution of clinical disease to BIV remains controversial, but the immune system dysfunctions, central nervous system disorders, progressive emaciation, and several secondary conditions have been proved to be associated with BIV infection [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular basis of the internalization of bovine immunodeficiency virus Tat protein

Deng

Sai

et al. 2007

Virus Genes

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Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV) is a nonacute, pathogenic, and horizontally transmitted lentivirus. It shares the parallel properties in morphology and genetics with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other lentiviruses. BIV encodes its own transactivator (BTat), which transactivates its cognate long terminal repeat (LTR). However, the mechanism involved in the transactivation is different from that in HIV and other lentiviruses. We determined the mechanisms of BTat internalization by cells and the effect of BTat on neighboring cells. The green fluorescent protein fusion analysis indicated that the internalization of extracellular BTat was a time and dose-dependent, but endocytosis and energy-independent manner. Arginine residues in the arginine-rich motif (ARM) of BTat were definitively responsible for the internalization. Internalized BTat is predominantly present in the nucleus, resulting in LTR activation and NF-kappaB induction. These results propose that the secretion and internalization of BTat facilitates BIV in influencing neighboring cells and makes the cellular environment propitious to viral replication.

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The molecular biology of bovine immunodeficiency virus: a comparison with other lentiviruses

Cited by 24 publications

References 225 publications

BTat, a trans-acting regulatory protein, contributes to bovine immunodeficiency virus-induced apoptosis

BTat, a trans-acting regulatory protein, contributes to bovine immunodeficiency virus-induced apoptosis

Bovine ISG15: an antiviral and inducible protein in BIV infected fetal bovine lung cells

Molecular basis of the internalization of bovine immunodeficiency virus Tat protein

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