The Molecular Basis of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

Grossman, Douglas

doi:10.1001/archderm.1997.03890460087010

Cited by 116 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In contrast to anogenital cancers, which are associated with HPV types such as HPV16/18/31/33 and 45 and EVassociated cancers commonly associated with HPV types 5 and 8, a de®nite role for HPVs has not yet been established in the case of NMSC in transplant recipients. UV radiation is known to be an important aetiological agent in the development of skin cancer (see Grossman and Le ell, 1997). Irradiation of the skin causes speci®c types of DNA damage, such as pyrimidine dimers, leading to a strong induction of p53 (Campbell et al, 1993;Hall et al, 1993) which plays an important role in the repair of UV-type damage (Smith et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: E6 proteins from diverse cutaneous HPV types inhibit apoptosis in response to UV damage

2000

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In addition to their role in anogenital cancer, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are also involved in the development of a range of cutaneous lesions. HPV types 5 and 8 are associated with the development of skin cancers in individuals with Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). A broad spectrum of HPV types are also commonly found in non-melanoma skin cancers in immunocompromised individuals, such as organ transplant recipients. The skin cancers in EV and immunocompromised patients occur predominantly at body sites exposed to ultra violet (UV) radiation, pointing to a key role for UV in their development. Here we show that the E6 protein from a range of cutaneous HPV types e ectively inhibits apoptosis in response to UV damage. This occurs in both p53 null and wild type cells and does not require p53 degradation. Oncogene (2000) 19, 592 ± 598.

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confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: E6 proteins from diverse cutaneous HPV types inhibit apoptosis in response to UV damage

2000

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“…Overall, the clinical and molecular evidence that AK is a precursor lesion for SCC and that the main aetiological agent is UVR damage is persuasive. 7,15 Association of AK with BCC has also been reported previously. Indeed, BCC is related to many sun-induced skin lesions, including AK on the face, actinic cheilitis, solar lentigines, facial telangiectasias and cutis rhomboidalis nuchae.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…As predicted, brown eyes, like black hair, carried the lowest risks for developing AK. 15,16 There was an apparent inverse association between AK and the overall number of acquired naevi, yet no apparent association with the number of atypical naevi. It is essential to be aware that age is an important confounder here even though there was a statistical adjustment and matching for age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The lack of association with atypical naevi is not surprising, as it is well established that melanocytic vs. keratinocytic tumours are characterized by different aetiopathogenetic mechanisms and different associations with environmental factors. 11,15,17,18 Individuals with lower education are at higher risk for AK. The latter observation is in line with previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for actinic keratosis in eight European centres: a case-control study

Traianou¹,

Ulrich²,

Apalla³

et al. 2012

British Journal of Dermatology

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SummaryBackground There are limited data regarding the association of actinic keratosis (AK) and other types of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC); studies investigating possible correlation of AK with melanocytic naevi are even scarcer. To our knowledge, there are no data examining the risk of AK in people using specific medications. Objective To investigate constitutional and exposure risk factors leading to AK and the coexistence of AK with NMSC and melanoma. Methods A multicentre hospital-based case-control study was performed in Finland, Germany, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Scotland and Spain, including 343 patients with actinic keratosis (AK), 409 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 602 with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 360 with invasive melanoma and 119 with in situ melanoma, and 686 control subjects. Exposures were assessed by questionnaires that were partly self-administered and partly filled out by dermatologists. Unconditional logistic regression modelling was used to assess associations including the influence of phenotypic characteristics, presence of naevi, sunexposure habits and certain drugs on AK risk. Results Differences in hair and eye coloration variably influenced the risk for AK, with red hair signifying a seven times higher risk [odds ratio (OR) 6AE9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4AE34-11AE00), and brown -compared with blue -eyes, about a 40% reduced risk (OR 0AE61, 95% CI 0AE13-0AE92). The darker the skin phototype, the lower the risk for AK, with phototype IV exhibiting nine times less risk of developing AK. Some and many freckles on the arms were associated with an OR of 1AE8 (95% CI 1AE08-2AE81) and 3AE0 (95% CI 1AE10-3AE54), respectively, while overall number of naevi and high educational level were inversely associated with AK. Sun exposure, thiazide diuretics and cardiac drugs had a higher risk for AK. SCC was the most frequent (58%) skin neoplasm coexisting with AKs, followed by BCC (30%), melanoma in situ (12%) and invasive melanoma (6%). Conclusion In this large case-control study from across Europe the expected associations were confirmed for known risk factors. Some possible new risk factors, including cardiac and diuretic drugs, were identified, creating a new field for further investigation in future studies.

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“…PDT with topical applications of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) precursor, is also a potential treatment for cutaneous nonmalignant tumors (3,4). The transformation of PpIX into heme induces a negative feedback on 5-ALA biosynthesis and, under normal circumstances, concentrations of porphyrins low enough to avoid induced photodynamic tissue damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleic Acid as Optimizer of the Skin Delivery of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Photodynamic Therapy

et al. 2006

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The Molecular Basis of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

Cited by 116 publications

References 32 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: E6 proteins from diverse cutaneous HPV types inhibit apoptosis in response to UV damage

RETRACTED ARTICLE: E6 proteins from diverse cutaneous HPV types inhibit apoptosis in response to UV damage

Risk factors for actinic keratosis in eight European centres: a case-control study

Oleic Acid as Optimizer of the Skin Delivery of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Photodynamic Therapy

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