The molecular basis of cancer immunotherapy by cytotoxic T lymphocytes

A novel DNA vaccine based on ubiquitin–proteasome pathway targeting ‘self’-antigens expressed in melanoma/melanocyte

“…22 Several epitopes recognized by human CD8 + T cells are included in the TRP-2 protein. 23 Bloom et al 21 identified a major murine CTL epitope, TRP-2 181-188 , presented on the …”

Aberrant T helper cell response in tumor-bearing mice limits the efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine☆

“…The induction of protective immunity by the DC-based vaccine is CD4 + T cell-and CD8 + T cell-dependent such that depletion of either CD4 + or CD8 + T cells results in a loss of the ability to reject tumor [11]. Even though the induction of tumor-specific CTL activity has been widely used as a surrogate marker of objective clinical response [12][13][14], tumorspecific CTL response alone is not sufficient to induce tumor rejection. Furthermore, type 1 CD4 + Th (Th1) cells appear to be crucial players in antitumor immunity due to their ability to maintain CTL activity in vivo [15].…”

Gene Therapy: Development of Immunostimulatory Treatments for Cancer

“…This is followed by a review of some of the nlajor immunotherapeutic strategies, with selected examples of illustrative studies in aninla1 models and initial hUJllan clinical trials. All gene therapy depends upon the ability to achieve efficient gene transfer to the target cells; we also, therefore, briefly review the most ilnportant types of viral vectors and non-viral gene transfer methods used for this purpose, and their suitability for illllnunotherapyC ancer and the immune system CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY The itnmune system is complex and could fill many reviews; for further background inforrnation the reader should refer to general reviews and text books such as Raitt et al (1996) and Alam (1998); more detailed reviews of specific aspects include Lehner and Cresswell (1996), Watts (1997), Dutton et al (1998), Lindauer et a/. (1998), Whitton (1998), Garcia et (Ii.…”