The modulatory effect of oolong tea polyphenols on intestinal flora and hypothalamus gene expression in a circadian rhythm disturbance mouse model

Abstract

Apigenin, a natural flavonoid has been reported against a variety of cancer types. However, it is unclear whether apigenin can promote autophagy and ferroptosis in Ishikawa cells. There are few reports on the mechanism of apigenin on autophagy and ferroptosis of endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells. We found that iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, GSH consumption, p62, HMOX1, and ferritin were increased, while, SLC7A11 and GPX4 were decreased. Fer-1, an iron-death inhibitor could reverse the effects of apigenin in Ishikawa cells. On the other hand, apigenin could promote autophagy via up-regulating Beclin 1, ULK1, ATG5, ATG13, and LC3B and down-regulating AMPK, mTOR, P70S6K, and ATG4. Furthermore, apigenin could inhibit tumor tissue proliferation and restrict tumor growth via ferroptosis in vivo.