The modification of meteorological factors on the relationship between air pollution and periodontal diseases: an exploration based on different interaction strategies

A Proposal for a Predictive Model for the Number of Patients with Periodontitis Exposed to Particulate Matter and Atmospheric Factors Using Deep Learning

“…Periodontitis is the result of bone destruction, which is caused by a localized inflammation process in the alveolar bone. In line with the current finding, studies in Taiwan and China also showed that people who were exposed to higher levels of air pollutants in the long-term have a greater risk of periodontitis 13,24) . Marruganti et al 12) suggested that air pollution is a potential modifiable risk factor for periodontitis, with direct exposure to pollutants potentially leading to increased local inflammation and oxidative stress in periodontal tissue.…”

“…Environ-mental pollutants such as PM and air pollution increase the risk of periodontal and respiratory disease, causing chronic inflammation and damage to respiratory and oral tissues 14,23) . The results of previous studies suggest the possible association between PM exposure and periodontitis occurence 12,13,24) . Air pollution could be a potential modifiable risk factor as it can induce biomarkers of inflammation and lead to periodontitis.…”

“…Furthermore, systemic inflammation and alterations in the oral microbiome possibly appear as the indirect effect of air pollution exposure. Moreover, exposure to PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide may contribute to systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which could lead to an increased risk of periodontal disease 24) . These findings urge the importance of environmental policies in reducing the burden of periodontitis as well as other non-communicable diseases.…”