The moderating effects of mother-adolescent relations on the longitudinal association between father and offspring depressive symptoms

Reeb, Ben T.; Conger, Katherine J.

doi:10.1080/19424620.2010.533608

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Responses to the hostility subscale were not recoded; higher scores indicated lower hostility. This measure has demonstrated good psychometric properties (e.g., Harold & Conger, 1997; Reeb & Conger, 2010). In the present study, both subscales demonstrated high internal consistency (maternal warmth, α = .92; maternal hostility, α = .89; paternal warmth, α = .93; paternal hostility, α = .90).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental attachment style: examination of links with parent secure base provision and adolescent secure base use

Jones

Cassidy

2014

Attachment & Human Development

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The secure base construct is a core aspect of attachment theory and, according to Bowlby (1988), represents one of attachment theory’s most important contributions to our understanding of parent-child relationships and child development. The present study represents the first examination of how parents’ self-reported attachment styles relate to parental secure base provision and adolescent (Mage = 16.6 years, SE = .59) secure base use during an observed parent-adolescent interaction. Further, the present study is the first to examine how fathers’, as well as mothers’, attachment styles relate to observed behavior in a parent-child interaction. At the bivariate level, maternal avoidance, but not anxiety, was negatively associated with observed adolescent secure base use. In addition, path analysis revealed that maternal avoidance was indirectly related to less adolescent secure base use through mothers’ self-reported hostile behavior toward their adolescents and through adolescents’ less positive perceptions of their mothers. Further, paternal anxiety, but not avoidance, was indirectly related to less adolescent secure base use through fathers’ self-reported hostile behavior toward their adolescents. No significant findings emerged in relation to parental secure base provision. We discuss these results in the context of attachment theory and suggest directions for future research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental attachment style: examination of links with parent secure base provision and adolescent secure base use

Jones

Cassidy

2014

Attachment & Human Development

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“…The neurodevelopmental theory of depression suggests that factors originating during earlier stages of human life are linked with an increased likelihood of depressive symptoms later in life . Among fathers, paternal depression is a risk factor potentially associated with increased risk of depression in their offspring and may be the consequence of the individual or combined influences of genetics and the developmental environment …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Among fathers, paternal depression is a risk factor potentially associated with increased risk of depression in their offspring and may be the consequence of the individual or combined influences of genetics and the developmental environment. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The association between maternal depression and offspring depression is well investigated, with maternal depression identified as an important risk factor for offspring depression. 10,11 While there is increasing awareness of the role that paternal depression can have in child development and later psychosocial outcomes, this topic has not been as thoroughly researched as the relationship between maternal mental health and that of their offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paternal Depression and Risk of Depression Among Offspring

et al. 2023

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ImportanceExisting epidemiological evidence is equivocal as to whether paternal depression poses a consequent risk of depression in offspring; meta-analysis of findings can help inform preventative intervention efforts.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the association between paternal and offspring depression.Data SourcesEmbase, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched between inception and December 2022.Study SelectionThe review included all observational studies that investigated the association between paternal and offspring depression and 10 606 studies were initially identified.Data Extraction and SynthesisThis systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines. The review protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were pooled using inverse variance weighted random effect meta-analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome of interest was offspring depression measured using recognized depression assessment tools.ResultsSixteen observational studies published between 2002 and 2021 were included, with a combined sample of 7 153 723 father-child dyads. A meta-analysis of these studies showed that paternal depression was associated with an increased risk of depression in offspring (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.17-1.71). The risk was higher among offspring exposed to paternal depressive disorders (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.28-2.12) than those exposed to depression as defined by a nonclinical symptom scale (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06-1.19). Sensitivity analysis revealed consistent pooled estimates ranging from 1.35 (95% CI, 1.12-1.62) to 1.45 (95% CI, 1.18-1.78).Conclusions and RelevancePaternal depression was associated with subsequent offspring depression. This finding shows the intergenerational transmission of mental health problems and suggests that mental health interventions benefit not only the patient but also the family as a whole, including both parents.

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“…To illustrate, the average age of children in studies reviewed for meta‐analyses by Connell and Goodman () and Kane and Garber () was 9.5 and 10.7 years, respectively. Of the limited available data using older samples, several studies have reported increased rates of depression and anxiety among adolescent offspring of depressed fathers (Beardslee, Gladstone, Wright, & Cooper, ; Brennan, Hammen, Katz, & Le Brocque, ; Kane & Garber, ; Klein, Lewinsohn, Rohde, Seeley, & Olino, ; Reeb & Conger, ). In an investigation of parental depression and trajectories of psychopathology in previously depressed adolescents, Rohde, Lewinsohn, Klein, and Seeley () found that depression in fathers was associated with offspring risk of psychosocial impairment—but not depression—in early adulthood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Effects of Fathers' Depressed Mood on Youth Internalizing Symptoms in Early Adulthood

Reeb

Martin

et al. 2014

J of Research on Adolesc

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While an accumulating body of research has documented increased risk for psychopathology among children of depressed fathers, most studies have used cross-sectional design and little is known about offspring outcomes beyond childhood. Using prospective data from a community sample (N = 395), we found that paternal depressive symptoms when children were in early adolescence (age 13) predicted offspring depressive and anxiety symptoms at age 21, controlling for baseline youth symptoms, maternal depressive symptoms, and other known correlates of internalizing problems in early adulthood. Associations were not moderated by maternal depressive symptoms or child gender. These results suggest that the unique and long-term effects of paternal depression on children's risk for mood disorders may persist into adulthood.

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The moderating effects of mother-adolescent relations on the longitudinal association between father and offspring depressive symptoms

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Parental attachment style: examination of links with parent secure base provision and adolescent secure base use

Parental attachment style: examination of links with parent secure base provision and adolescent secure base use

Paternal Depression and Risk of Depression Among Offspring

Long‐Term Effects of Fathers' Depressed Mood on Youth Internalizing Symptoms in Early Adulthood

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