The moderating effect of relationships on intergenerational risk for infant neglect by young mothers

Characteristics and related factors of Japanese mothers who have faced difficulties with childrearing

“…Our finding suggested that PHNs should pay more attention to older mothers and assess their child‐care burden and social support network, and whether they are in need of help. Previous studies have focused on the risks of teen and young adult mothers in child maltreatment, and did not focus on the risk of older mothers (Bartlett & Easterbrooks, ; Hovdestad et al., ). The participation of women in society has been increasing in developed countries, which has resulted in an increase in their childbearing age (Berkowitz, Skovron, Lapinski, & Berkowitz, ).…”

“…Previous studies have focused on the risks of teen and young adult mothers in child maltreatment, and did not focus on the risk of older mothers (Bartlett & Easterbrooks, 2015;Hovdestad et al, 2015). The participation of women in society has been increasing in developed countries, which has resulted in an increase in their childbearing age (Berkowitz, Skovron, Lapinski, & Berkowitz, 1990).…”

Lifespan and Intergenerational Promotive and Protective Factors Against the Transmission of Interpersonal Violence in Diverse Families

“…As one example, pregnant women with higher reflective functioning abilities and mentalization about their childhood neglect and physical and sexual abuse were more likely to have infants with secure, rather than disorganized, attachments, indicating reduced risk of maltreatment-related disruptions in the mother-infant relationship (Berthelot et al 2015). Similarly, pregnant women who experienced childhood neglect or physical or sexual abuse but had more frequent access to social support from family, friends, and service providers during their pregnancies were less likely to neglect their infants (Bartlett and Easterbrooks 2015).…”

The impact of child and parental age on protective factors against child maltreatment

“…Social support heightens parental sensitivity and empathy, thereby protecting families from abusive parenting practices (Corse, Schmid, & Trickett, 1990;MacPhee, Fritz, & Miller-Heyl, 1996;Moncher, 1995;Thompson, Flood, & Goodvin, 2015). Social support has been found to moderate the relationship between maternal histories of child maltreatment and parenting, helping to stop intergenerational transfer of maltreatment (Bartlett & Easterbrooks, 2015). In addition, mothers who are more involved in their communities and have positive perceptions of community support are less likely to maltreat their children (Kim & Maguire-Jack, 2015), perhaps suggesting a secondary mechanism by which prevention programmes reduce maltreatment by connecting parents with other parents and community agencies.…”

“…Further, when compared with younger parents, parents of advanced age report fewer negative behaviours towards their children, such as threats, derogatory statements, and slaps (Conger et al, 1984), and less negative emotions, including isolation, restlessness, and stress (Cowan & Cowan, 2000;Frankel & Wise, 1982;Garrison, Blalock, Zarski, & Merritt, 1997;Nelson et al, 2014). Maternal age also moderates the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment among young mothers (Bartlett & Easterbrooks, 2015). Using life course theory, McAdams and Olson (2010) suggested that ageing benefits young adults who are transitioning to middle age.…”