The mobility diameter of soot determines its angular light scattering distribution

Kelesidis, Georgios A.; Crepaldi, Patrizia; Allemann, Martin; Duric, Aleksandar; Pratsinis, Sotiris E.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112476

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…However, Rayleigh theory is not appropriate for large particles or soot aggregates. Recent studies have shown that a reasonable estimate of the absorption and scattering cross-section of soot aggregates can be obtained using tools such as generalized a multiparticle Mie solution, superposition T-matrix, Rayleigh-Debye-Gans theory, or the discrete dipole approximation [80,88,89]. However, most of these studies have been conducted with the development of accurate diagnostic techniques in mind and their use in combustion simulations remains very limited due to the limitations of state-of-the-art soot models in continuum-scale combustion simulations.…”

Section: Radiative Properties Of Sootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Thermal Radiation in Combustion Environments: Progress and Challenges

Mazumder

Roy

2023

Energies

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Modeling thermal radiation in combustion environments can be extremely challenging for two main reasons. First, the radiative transfer equation (RTE), which is the cornerstone of modeling radiation in such environments, is a five-dimensional integro-differential equation. Second, the absorption and scattering coefficients of molecular gases and particulates prevalent in combustion environments oscillate strongly with the wavenumber (or wavelength), i.e., the medium is strongly nongray, requiring the solution of the RTE for a large number of wavenumbers. This article reviews the progress that has been made in this area to date with an emphasis on the work performed over the past three decades. Progress in both deterministic and stochastic (Monte Carlo) solutions of the RTE is reviewed, in addition to the review of the treatment of the spectral properties of gases, soot, and fuel droplets that dominate combustion environments, i.e., spectral or nongray models. The application of the various state-of-the-art nongray models and RTE solution methods to flames (particularly turbulent), fires, combustors, and other combustion systems are summarized along with a critical discussion of the pros and cons of the models and methods. Finally, the challenges that remain in modeling thermal radiation in combustion systems are highlighted and future outlooks are shared.

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Section: Radiative Properties Of Sootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Thermal Radiation in Combustion Environments: Progress and Challenges

Mazumder

Roy

2023

Energies

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Solar steam generation enabled by carbon black: The impact of particle size and nanostructure

Kelesidis,

Nagarkar,

Rivano

2024

AIChE Journal

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Here, commercial carbon black (CB) grades are characterized in detail to determine the link between their physicochemical properties and solar steam generation performance. The CB nanoparticles used here have surface mean primary particle diameters of 11–406 nm resulting in specific surface areas of 8–300 m2/g. Thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffraction reveal that fine CB nanoparticles form large agglomerates, have a more disordered nanostructure and larger organic carbon content than coarse CB grades. Most importantly, UV–vis spectroscopy and Mie theory show that increasing the particle size from 14 to 406 nm reduces the light absorption of CB dispersed in water up to 86%. So, the water evaporation flux of suspensions containing 11–14 nm CB nanoparticles is up to 25% larger than that obtained for suspensions of 406 nm particles. Thus, good control of particle size is essential to optimize the solar steam generation enabled by CB.

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Effective density of inhaled environmental and engineered nanoparticles and its impact on the lung deposition and dosimetry

Lizonova,

Nagarkar,

Demokritou

et al. 2024

Part Fibre Toxicol

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Background Airborne environmental and engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are inhaled and deposited in the respiratory system. The inhaled dose of such NPs and their deposition location in the lung determines their impact on health. When calculating NP deposition using particle inhalation models, a common approach is to use the bulk material density, ρb, rather than the effective density, ρeff. This neglects though the porous agglomerate structure of NPs and may result in a significant error of their lung-deposited dose and location. Results Here, the deposition of various environmental NPs (aircraft and diesel black carbon, wood smoke) and engineered NPs (silica, zirconia) in the respiratory system of humans and mice is calculated using the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry model accounting for their realistic structure and effective density. This is done by measuring the NP ρeff which was found to be up to one order of magnitude smaller than ρb. Accounting for the realistic ρeff of NPs reduces their deposited mass in the pulmonary region of the respiratory system up to a factor of two in both human and mouse models. Neglecting the ρeff of NPs does not alter significantly the distribution of the deposited mass fractions in the human or mouse respiratory tract that are obtained by normalizing the mass deposited at the head, tracheobronchial and pulmonary regions by the total deposited mass. Finally, the total deposited mass fraction derived this way is in excellent agreement with those measured in human studies for diesel black carbon. Conclusions The doses of inhaled NPs are overestimated by inhalation particle deposition models when the ρb is used instead of the real-world effective density which can vary significantly due to the porous agglomerate structure of NPs. So the use of realistic ρeff, which can be measured as described here, is essential to determine the lung deposition and dosimetry of inhaled NPs and their impact on public health. Graphical abstract

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The mobility diameter of soot determines its angular light scattering distribution

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Modeling Thermal Radiation in Combustion Environments: Progress and Challenges

Modeling Thermal Radiation in Combustion Environments: Progress and Challenges

Solar steam generation enabled by carbon black: The impact of particle size and nanostructure

Effective density of inhaled environmental and engineered nanoparticles and its impact on the lung deposition and dosimetry

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