The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase CgMK1 Governs Appressorium Formation, Melanin Synthesis, and Plant Infection of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

He, Puhuizhong; Wang, Yonglin; Wang, Xiaolian; Zhang, Xiaolin; Tian, Chengming

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02216

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Fungal mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play key roles in determining fungal development and responses to a variety of stress stimuli [ 1 ]. Several distinct MAPK kinase cascades exist in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , which regulate mating (Fus3/Kss1), response to high osmotic stresses (Hog1) and maintenance of cell wall integrity (CWI) (Slt2) [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MAPKKK CgMck1 Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity, Appressorium Development, and Pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Fang

Xia

Wang

et al. 2018

Genes

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway plays key roles in sensing extracellular signals and transmitting them from the cell membrane to the nucleus in response to various environmental stimuli. A MAPKKK protein CgMck1 in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was characterized. Phenotypic analyses of the ∆Cgmck1 mutant showed that the CgMck1 was required for vegetative growth, fruiting body development, and sporulation. Additionally, the CgMCK1 deletion mutant showed significant defects in cell wall integrity, and responses to osmotic stresses. The mutant abolished the ability to develop appressorium, and lost pathogenicity to host plants. The ∆Cgmck1 mutant also exhibited a higher sensitivity to antifungal bacterium agent Bacillus velezensis. The deletion mutants of downstream MAPK cascades components CgMkk1 and CgMps1 showed similar defects to the ∆Cgmck1 mutant. In conclusion, CgMck1 is involved in the regulation of vegetative growth, asexual development, cell wall integrity, stresses resistance, and infection morphogenesis in C. gloeosporioides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MAPKKK CgMck1 Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity, Appressorium Development, and Pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Fang

Xia

Wang

et al. 2018

Genes

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“…18 He et al . 23 HSPsInvolved in several common biological activities, such as transcription, translation, protein folding, and aggregation and disaggregation of proteins.Involved in stress response.Different families of HSP are expressed depending on stress type, e . g .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-omics analysis of the grapevine pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae reveals that temperature affects the expression of virulence- and pathogenicity-related genes

Félix

Meneses

Gonçalves

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Botryosphaeriaceae, Ascomycota) is a plant pathogen and human opportunist whose pathogenicity is modulated by temperature. The molecular effects of temperature on L. theobromae are mostly unknown, so we used a multi-omics approach to understand how temperature affects the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity. The genome of L. theobromae LA-SOL3 was sequenced (Illumina MiSeq) and annotated. Furthermore, the transcriptome (Illumina TruSeq) and proteome (Orbitrap LC-MS/MS) of LA-SOL3 grown at 25 °C and 37 °C were analysed. Proteins related to pathogenicity (plant cell wall degradation, toxin synthesis, mitogen-activated kinases pathway and proteins involved in the velvet complex) were more abundant when the fungus grew at 25 °C. At 37 °C, proteins related to pathogenicity were less abundant than at 25 °C, while proteins related to cell wall organisation were more abundant. On the other hand, virulence factors involved in human pathogenesis, such as the SSD1 virulence protein, were expressed only at 37 °C. Taken together, our results showed that this species presents a typical phytopathogenic molecular profile that is compatible with a hemibiotrophic lifestyle. We showed that L. theobromae is equipped with the pathogenesis toolbox that enables it to infect not only plants but also animals.

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“…The antimelanin MAb 8D6 has proved very useful in the examination of melanin synthesis in C. gloeosporioides. Recently, a study by He et al [45] has demonstrated that the deletion of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MK1) in C. gloeosporioides not only impaired aerial hyphal growth and biomass accumulation but also strongly suppressed the expression of melanin biosynthesis genes, effecting a loss in the capacity for penetration and infectious growth inside the plant. Similar to other human pathogenic fungi, melanin may play a role in the determination of virulence in C. gloeosporioides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of melanin pigments in saprophytic fungi in vitro and during infection

et al. 2019

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Melanins are one of the great natural pigments produced by a wide variety of fungal species that promote fitness and cell survival in diverse hostile environments, including during mammalian infection. In this study, we sought to demonstrate the production of melanin in the conidia and hyphae of saprophytic fungi, including dematiaceous and hyaline fungi. We showed that a melanin‐specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) avidly labeled the cell walls of hyphae and conidia, consistent with the presence of melanin in these structures, in 14 diverse fungal species. The conidia of saprophytic fungi were treated with proteolytic enzymes, denaturant, and concentrated hot acid to yield dark particles, which were shown to be stable free radicals, consistent with their identification as melanins. Samples obtained from patients with fungal keratitis due to Fusarium falciforme, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, Exserohilum rostratum, or Fonsecaea pedrosoi were found to be intensely labeled by the melanin‐specific MAb at the fungal hyphal cell walls. These results support the hypothesis that melanin is a common component that promotes survival under harsh conditions and facilitates fungal virulence. Increased understanding of the processes of melanization and the development of methods to interfere with pigment formation may lead to novel approaches to combat these complex pathogens that are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.

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The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase CgMK1 Governs Appressorium Formation, Melanin Synthesis, and Plant Infection of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

The MAPKKK CgMck1 Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity, Appressorium Development, and Pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

The MAPKKK CgMck1 Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity, Appressorium Development, and Pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

A multi-omics analysis of the grapevine pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae reveals that temperature affects the expression of virulence- and pathogenicity-related genes

Production of melanin pigments in saprophytic fungi in vitro and during infection

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