The Mistreatment of Major Depressive Disorder

Paris, Joel

doi:10.1177/070674371405900306

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Not all research teams have reported significant WM abnormalities in MDD patients however [ 121 , 135 ]. The reasons for such discrepant results are not entirely clear, but differences in technique and evidence that depression is an aetiologically heterogeneous syndrome rather than a single discrete neurobiological entity [ 136 ] is likely also relevant.…”

Section: Neuroimaging Abnormalities In Mddmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Neuroimaging Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis, Major Depression and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis): is There a Common Cause?

Morris¹,

Berk

Puri

2017

Mol Neurobiol

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There is copious evidence of abnormalities in resting-state functional network connectivity states, grey and white matter pathology and impaired cerebral perfusion in patients afforded a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, major depression or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (myalgic encephalomyelitis). Systemic inflammation may well be a major element explaining such findings. Inter-patient and inter-illness variations in neuroimaging findings may arise at least in part from regional genetic, epigenetic and environmental variations in the functions of microglia and astrocytes. Regional differences in neuronal resistance to oxidative and inflammatory insults and in the performance of antioxidant defences in the central nervous system may also play a role. Importantly, replicated experimental findings suggest that the use of high-resolution SPECT imaging may have the capacity to differentiate patients afforded a diagnosis of CFS from those with a diagnosis of depression. Further research involving this form of neuroimaging appears warranted in an attempt to overcome the problem of aetiologically heterogeneous cohorts which probably explain conflicting findings produced by investigative teams active in this field. However, the ionising radiation and relative lack of sensitivity involved probably preclude its use as a routine diagnostic tool.

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Section: Neuroimaging Abnormalities In Mddmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Neuroimaging Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis, Major Depression and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis): is There a Common Cause?

Morris¹,

Berk

Puri

2017

Mol Neurobiol

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“…Mood disorders are the second most frequent group of mental disorders in Europe, and these mood disorders are dominated by MDD, affecting 7% of the population [2]. MDD patients experience loss of self-esteem, disturbed sleep, grumpiness, increased fatigue, reduced pleasure and concentration [4]. Depression is a very important risk factor of suicide [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine in Animal Models of Depression

Adu-Nti¹,

Ghartey‐Kwansah²,

Aboagye³

2019

Int J Depress Anxiety

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common psychiatric disease and it affects millions of people across the world. Patients suffering from MDD consistently complain about cognitive disturbances, significantly worsening the burden of this illness. The second most frequent mental illness in Europe is mood disorders and they are dominated by MDD, a-ecting 7% of the population. The recent discovery that the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist; ketamine; a revolutionary novel antidepressant, rapidly relieves depressive symptoms and suicidal imaginations, particularly amongst those with treatment-resistant depression have generated a new wave of excitement. This article discusses the sex differences that exist in depressive patients, summarizes the antidepressant activity of ketamine and reviews the mechanisms underlying the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine. It further discusses the sexual differences in the antidepressant activity of ketamine in preclinical studies.

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“…Major depressive disorder (MDD) can cause significant distress and impairment in individuals, and it also places a substantial burden on society 2. Despite available treatments, MDD is a remarkably heterogeneous disorder, causing problems in classification and treatment specificity 3. Studies have consistently reported that personality traits predict4 and influence the treatment outcome of depression in both pharmacotherapy5 and psychotherapy 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperament, personality, and treatment outcome in major depression: a 6-month preliminary prospective study

Kudo¹,

Nakagawa²,

Wake³

et al. 2016

NDT

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BackgroundDespite available treatments, major depression is a highly heterogeneous disorder, which leads to problems in classification and treatment specificity. Previous studies have reported that personality traits predict and influence the course and treatment response of depression. The Temperament and Personality Questionnaire (T&P) assesses eight major constructs of personality traits observed in those who develop depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of T&P’s eight constructs on the treatment outcome of depressed patients.Patients and methodsA preliminary 6-month prospective study was conducted with a sample of 51 adult patients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) without remarkable psychomotor disturbance using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition. All patients received comprehensive assessment including the T&P at baseline. We compared each T&P construct score between patients who achieved remission and those who did not achieve remission after 6 months of treatment for depression using both subjective and objective measures. All 51 (100%) patients received the 6-month follow-up assessment.ResultsThis study demonstrated that higher scores on T&P personal reserve predicted poorer treatment outcome in patients with MDD. Higher levels of personal reserve, rejection sensitivity, and self-criticism correlated with higher levels of depression. Higher levels of rejection sensitivity and self-criticism were associated with non-remitters; however, when we controlled for baseline depression severity, this relationship did not show significance.ConclusionAlthough the results are preliminary, this study suggests that high scores on T&P personal reserve predict poorer treatment outcome and T&P rejection sensitivity and self-criticism correlate with the severity of depression. Longer follow-up studies with large sample sizes are required to improve the understanding of these relationships.

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The Mistreatment of Major Depressive Disorder

Cited by 45 publications

References 40 publications

A Comparison of Neuroimaging Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis, Major Depression and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis): is There a Common Cause?

A Comparison of Neuroimaging Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis, Major Depression and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis): is There a Common Cause?

Sex Differences in the Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine in Animal Models of Depression

Temperament, personality, and treatment outcome in major depression: a 6-month preliminary prospective study

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