The Missouri Psychoanalytic Counseling Research Project: Relation of changes in counseling process to client outcomes.

Abstract

A short-term psychoanalytic counseling model was used to identify process dimensions and client outcomes. Six counselors saw 16 clients over the course of 2 semesters. Clients responded to measures at pre-and posttest and after each session, and counselors filled out measures following each session. Sessions were audio-and videotaped and viewed by trained raters. P-technique factor analysis identified 4 dimensions: Psychoanalytic Technique, Working Alliance, Client Resistance, and Client Transference. Results of hierarchical linear modeling indicated that counselor use of psychoanalytic technique and the working alliance increased steadily across the sessions, whereas client resistance steadily decreased. The alliance dimension also changed in a quadratic fashion. The process dimensions also influenced each other and were related to better client outcomes. Implications are discussed and suggestions for future research are provided.

Patient interpersonal factors and the therapeutic alliance in two treatments for bulimia nervosa

“…More recently, however, researchers have also examined how different patterns of alliance development relate to outcome. For example, several studies have demonstrated that U-shaped alliance trajectory is associated with patient improvement (Horvath & Marx 1991;Kivlighan & Shaughnessy, 2000;Patton, Kivlighan, & Multon, 1997). This pattern has been hypothesized to reflect the presence of a difficult, but productive working-through phase in the middle of treatment that manifests as lower alliance ratings.…”

The development of the therapeutic alliance and the emergence of alliance ruptures. [El desarrollo de la alianza terapéutica y la aparición de rupturas en la alianza]

“…Several longitudinal studies (e.g., Golden & Robbins, 1990;Patton, Kivlighan, & Multon, 1997;Kivlighan & Shaughnessy, 2000;Stiles et al, 2004) tracked alliance development using different statistical methods and identified distinct patterns associated with the alliance evolution across time. In general, the aforementioned studies suggest that positive linear increase and quadratic high-low-high patterns of alliance development are related to good therapeutic outcomes.…”

Perspectives historiques et contemporaines sur la transition de l’école au travail : apports théoriques et méthodologiques du modèle développemental-contextuel

“…Cependant cette approche a été utilisée dans la littérature sur le conseil pour identifier différents types de processus à l'oeuvre en psychothérapie (Patton, Kivlighan & Multon, 1997 ;Russel, Bryant & Estrada, 1996) et les variations dans les patterns de réponses émotionnelles de beauxenfants à l'intérieur de leurs familles, dans le temps (Corneal & Nesselroade, 1994) 1 . Il est évident que cette technique pourrait être utile dans l'étude de questions concrètes sur les processus du conseil en orientation.…”