The Missing Link: How Exosomes and miRNAs can Help in Bridging Psychiatry and Molecular Biology in the Context of Depression, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Gruzdev, Stanislav K.; Yakovlev, A. A.; Дружкова, Т. А.; Guekht, Alla; Gulyaeva, N. V.

doi:10.1007/s10571-019-00684-6

Cited by 58 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…Plasma may be the sample of choice when studying circulating miRNA because RNA may be released from blood cells into the serum during coagulation and affect the true status of circulating miRNA 48 . However, miRNAs identified in serum mostly are from exosomes 49 , which are promising biomarkers of psychiatric disorders 50 . Because some samples collected were stored as serum from a previous study 51 , we chose to analyse serum samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum miRNA as a possible biomarker in the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder

Lee

Wang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The diagnosis of Bipolar II disorder (BD-II) is currently based on the patients' description of symptoms and clinical behavioral observations. This study explored the possibility of miRNA in peripheral blood (serum) as a specific biomarker for BD-II. We identified 6 candidate miRNAs to differentiate BD-II patients from controls using next-generation sequencing. We then examined these candidate miRNAs using real-time PCR in the first cohort (as training group) of 79 BD-II and 95 controls. A diagnostic model was built based on these candidate miRNAs and then tested on an individual testing group (BD-II: n = 20, controls: n = 20). We found that serum expression levels of miR-7-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-221-5p, and miR-370-3p significantly increased in BD-II compared with controls in the first cohort, whereas that of miR-145-5p showed no significant difference. The diagnostic power of the identified miRNAs was further analyzed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC). Support vector machine (SVM) measurements revealed that a combination of the significant miRNAs reached good diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.907). We further examined an independent testing group and the diagnostic power reached fair for BD-II (specificity = 90%, sensitivity = 85%). We constructed miRNA panels using SVM model, which may aid in the diagnosis for BD-II.Bipolar disorder (BD) has several subtypes. Bipolar I disorder (BD-I) and bipolar II disorder (BD-II) are two of the most commonly seen subtypes of BD. BD-I and BD-II differ in clinical presentation: BD-I involves one or more manic or mixed episodes in addition to one or more major depressive episodes. BD-II is characterised by at least one hypomanic episode with one or more major depressive episodes 1,2 . BD-II has become the focus of increasing attention and has been recognised as a unique disorder. Its prevalence rate ranges from 3% to 11% 3 . Nevertheless, because of the complex spectrum of symptoms, the diagnosis of BD remains subjective. Diagnosing BD is challenging because patients typically regard hypomanic episodes as a positive mood status or experience, and they only seek medical help during depressive episodes 4 . BD is initially misdiagnosed at a rate of approximately 40% and typically requires approximately 5-12 years to be correctly diagnosed and treated appropriately 5,6 . Delayed diagnosis and inefficacious treatment of BD-II may lead to a prolonged course, more affective episodes, and an increased suicide rate, adding further to its socioeconomic burden 5,7 .Accumulating evidence reveals that microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are involved in many biological processes such as neurogenesis, neuroproliferation, and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system 8,9 . Different expressions of peripheral miRNA have been reported in several mental disorders including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer disease [10][11][12] . Changes in peripheral miRNA may be correlated with changes in neuroendocrine or neuroimmune responses 13 . Because brain tissue ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum miRNA as a possible biomarker in the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder

Lee

Wang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Section: A From Emotions To Mood Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiology behind mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar, is complex and in several cases unclear [33], [34]. It normally involves both genetic as well as environmental factors, such as chronic stress [33]. These factors affect neurotransmitters, the chemical substances that control neuronal signaling [33], [34].…”

Section: A From Emotions To Mood Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It normally involves both genetic as well as environmental factors, such as chronic stress [33]. These factors affect neurotransmitters, the chemical substances that control neuronal signaling [33], [34]. Subtle changes could result in increased or decreased excitation and/or inhibition, which explains the brain circuit disruption observed [29].…”

Section: A From Emotions To Mood Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It manifests as sustained sadness and melancholia that it is not associated necessarily with external events [35]. On the other hand, bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive disorder, is characterized by sudden shifts between depression and mania or hypomania episodes [33]- [35]. Mania and hypomania episodes are extended periods of elevated mood that they are also associated with impatience and psychomotor agitation.…”

Section: A From Emotions To Mood Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Emotions to Mood Disorders: A Survey on Gait Analysis Methodology

Deligianni

Guo

Yang

2019

IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform.

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Mood disorders affect more than 300 million people worldwide and can cause devastating consequences. Elderly people and patients with neurological conditions are particularly susceptible to depression. Gait and body movements can be affected by mood disorders, and thus they can be used as a surrogate sign, as well as an objective index for pervasive monitoring of emotion and mood disorders in daily life. Here we review evidence that demonstrates the relationship between gait, emotions and mood disorders, highlighting the potential of a multimodal approach that couples gait data with physiological signals and home-based monitoring for early detection and management of mood disorders. This could enhance self-awareness, enable the development of objective biomarkers that identify high risk subjects and promote subject-specific treatment.

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Extracellular vesicle approach to major psychiatric disorders

Kohshour

Papiol

Delalle

et al. 2022

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Over the last few years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have received increasing attention as potential non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for various diseases. The interest in EVs is related to their structure and content, as well as to their changing cargo in response to different stimuli. One of the potential areas of use of EVs as biomarkers is the central nervous system (CNS), in particular the brain, because EVs can cross the blood–brain barrier, exist also in peripheral tissues and have a diverse cargo. Thus, they may represent “liquid biopsies” of the CNS that can reflect brain pathophysiology without the need for invasive surgical procedures. Overall, few studies to date have examined EVs in neuropsychiatric disorders, and the present evidence appears to lack reproducibility. This situation might be due to a variety of technical obstacles related to working with EVs, such as the use of different isolation strategies, which results in non-uniform vesicular and molecular outputs. Multi-omics approaches and improvements in the standardization of isolation procedures will allow highly pure EV fractions to be obtained in which the molecular cargo, particularly microRNAs and proteins, can be identified and accurately quantified. Eventually, these advances will enable researchers to decipher disease-relevant molecular signatures of the brain-derived EVs involved in synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, neuro-immune communication, and other related pathways. This narrative review summarizes the findings of studies on EVs in major psychiatric disorders, particularly in the field of biomarkers, and discusses the respective therapeutic potential of EVs.

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The Missing Link: How Exosomes and miRNAs can Help in Bridging Psychiatry and Molecular Biology in the Context of Depression, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Cited by 58 publications

References 195 publications

Serum miRNA as a possible biomarker in the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder

Serum miRNA as a possible biomarker in the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder

From Emotions to Mood Disorders: A Survey on Gait Analysis Methodology

Extracellular vesicle approach to major psychiatric disorders

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