The Miniature Radio Frequency instrument’s (Mini-RF) global observations of Earth’s Moon

Bistatic radar observations of the Moon using Mini-RF on LRO and the Arecibo Observatory

“…4e) is commonly used in analyses of lunar radar data [e.g., Ghent et al, 2005Ghent et al, , 2008Ghent et al, , 2010Campbell et al, , 2010Campbell et al, , 2012Spudis et al, 2010, Carter et al, 2012;Raney et al, 2012;Thomson et al, 2012;Neish et al, 2011Neish et al, , 2013Neish et al, , 2014Cahill et al, 2014], and is a representation of surface roughness at the wavelength scale of the radar. In other words, surfaces that are smoother at the wavelength scale will have lower CPR values and surfaces that are rougher will have higher CPR values.…”

Distal ejecta from lunar impacts: Extensive regions of rocky deposits

“…Mini-RF is a synthetic aperture radar utilizing X-band and S-band frequencies (~4.2 and 12.6 cm wavelengths respectively) at 15 and 75 m sampling (Nozette et al, 2010). We used the S-band total power (S1), circular polarization ratio (CPR), and M-chi decomposition Cahill et al, 2014) data products to identify both flow and melt pond features.…”

“…The Mini-RF S-band data are sensitive to the presence of rocks and heterogeneous materials in the upper ~1-2 m of regolith, depending on its dialectric properties (e.g., Carter et al, 2012;Neish et al, 2014;Cahill et al, 2014). This allows for the detection of melt flows and pond features, even if buried in the shallow sub-surface.…”

“…Blank areas on the plots indicate a low total area of surfaces that would be protected in the model (<1000 pixels). Cahill et al, 2014), centered near 307.6°E, 40.5°S (lsz_03371_1cd_xku_42s307). The composite image shows the even bounce, volume scattering, and odd bounce images projected as red, green, and blue respectively.…”

Image Reconstruction Techniques in Neutron and Gamma Ray Spectroscopy: Improving Lunar Prospector Data

“…The western part of the basin between Montes Rook and Cordillera exhibits some of the highest regional CPR values (> 0.7) on the lunar surface (Figure ). Cahill et al () concluded on the basis of both these data sets and the lack of a substantial Diviner rock abundance signature in Orientale (Figure ) that the likely cause of varying degrees of contradiction between different maturity measures was the result of higher levels of roughness in the near subsurface on the scale of the S‐band (12.6 cm) radar wavelength. As shown in Figure the reconstruction of the epithermal neutron data does not offer improved resolution.…”