The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West, 1500-1800

Parker, Geoffrey

doi:10.2307/1906367

Cited by 255 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Sixty (22%) of these books were on religious subjects. Thirteen new presses were launched in the next decade, altogether publishing a total of 394 books (31% on 26 For the importance of gunpowder weapons in Eurasian warfare, see Black (1999) and Parker (1988). See also Murphey (1999) for Ottoman warfare between 1500 and 1700.…”

Section: The Swift Adoption Of Military Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The political economy of mass printing: Legitimacy and technological change in the Ottoman Empire

Coşgel

Miceli

Rubin

2012

Journal of Comparative Economics

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JEL classification:a b s t r a c t Cos ßgel, Metin M., Miceli, Thomas J., and Rubin, Jared-The political economy of mass printing: Legitimacy and technological change in the Ottoman Empire New technologies have not always been greeted with full enthusiasm. Although the Ottomans were quick to adopt advancements in military technology, they waited almost three centuries to sanction printing in Ottoman Turkish (in Arabic characters). Printing spread relatively rapidly throughout Europe following the invention of the printing press in 1450 despite resistance by interest groups and temporary restrictions in some countries. We explain differential reaction to technology through a political economy approach centered on the legitimizing relationships between rulers and their agents (e.g., military, religious, or secular authorities). The Ottomans regulated the printing press heavily to prevent the loss it would have caused to the ruler's net revenue by undermining the legitimacy provided by religious authorities. On the other hand, the legitimizing relationship between European religious and political authorities was undermined over a century prior to the invention of the press. European rulers thus had little reason to stop the spread of printing as public policy, nor could the Church have stopped it had it wanted to. The Ottomans eventually sanctioned printing in Arabic script in the 18th century after alternative sources of legitimacy emerged.

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Section: The Swift Adoption Of Military Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The political economy of mass printing: Legitimacy and technological change in the Ottoman Empire

Coşgel

Miceli

Rubin

2012

Journal of Comparative Economics

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“…Michael Roberts proposed the thesis in the 1950s, but Parker gave it new Hfe thirty years later. 3 However, the military development of early modern Europe is more accurately portrayed as evolutionary, rather than revolutionary, as I show in an earlier volume of The International History Review. 4 Parker makes a convincing case for die renaissance of ancient European military forms and practices in Western armies after 1500, more noticeably after 1600.…”

Section: MLmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 To the ancient Greeks' practice of decisive infantry battle, the Romans, who raised discipline to new levels of rigour and effectiveness, added the brutality of annihilation, 'of head-to-head combat that destroys die enemy', a Western concept 'unfamiliar to the ritualistic fighting and emphasis on deception and attrition found outside Europe'. 3 Hanson explains the effectiveness of the Western style of warfare by linking it to the social, political, and cultural foundations summed up in the term 'civic militarism'. The Western soldier is the citizen of an ultimately consensual government: those who fight demand political representation.…”

Section: MLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discourse, Reality, and the Culture of Combat

Lynn

2005

The International History Review

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“…118-120;Parker 1989; for an introduction to the continuing debate over the validity of the military revolution thesis, see Rogers 1995). To their credit, Mysore, the Marathas, the Mughuls, and the Nizam moved relatively quickly to adapt aspects of their armies to new tactics, training, organization, and technology that were winning battles across India.…”

Section: Hill Forts In the Modern Imaginationmentioning

confidence: 99%

British Assessments of Tipu Sultan’s Hill Forts in Northern Mysore, South India, 1802

Lewis

2012

Int J Histor Archaeol

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Hundreds of early modern forts dot the South Indian landscape, but more is known about their art-historical aspects than how these fortifications were built, maintained, and used. The latter aspects are examined in a comparative analysis of six Mysore hill forts, using East India Company surveys that were prepared in 1802 shortly after British forces took command of these installations from Tipu Sultan's garrisons. These highly detailed inventories show that the hill forts were poorly maintained, inadequately supplied, contained relatively few garrison buildings, and, from the British perspective at least, were inadequately armed to mount a successful defense. At the turn of the century, these forts were functionally obsolete, ill prepared to serve as supply depots, and strategically valuable only to quiet local populations and deny the use of such places to potential enemies.

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The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West, 1500-1800

Cited by 255 publications

References 0 publications

The political economy of mass printing: Legitimacy and technological change in the Ottoman Empire

The political economy of mass printing: Legitimacy and technological change in the Ottoman Empire

Discourse, Reality, and the Culture of Combat

British Assessments of Tipu Sultan’s Hill Forts in Northern Mysore, South India, 1802

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