“…For regional tourists drawn to South Africa from other African countries, the local developmental potential of expanding shopping tourism and cross-border trading are additional research issues linking LED and urban tourism (Rogerson & Visser, 2007). Outside the cities, tourism was a potential LED focus for regenerating economically depressed localities feeling the impact of defence cuts or mine closures (Binns & Nel, 2001Nel & Binns, 2002b;Nel et al, 2003;Abrahams, 2007) and for reviving the fortunes of many declining small towns, including through pro-poor tourism programmes (Nel & Binns, 2002a;Rogerson, 2006bRogerson, , 2007Rogerson, , 2009bGibb & Nel, 2007;Nel & Rogerson, 2007). In rural areas, maximising the local impacts of tourism projects is a focal point for LED intervention (Rogerson & Visser, 2004;Spenceley & Goodwin, 2007;Spenceley, 2008).…”