Executive SummaryDuring a post-election TV interview that aired mid-November 2016, then President-Elect Donald Trump claimed that there are millions of so-called "criminal aliens" living in the United States: "What we are going to do is get the people that are criminal and have criminal records, gang members, drug dealers, we have a lot of these people, probably two million, it could be even three million, we are getting them out of our country or we are going to incarcerate." This claim is a blatant misrepresentation of the facts. A recent report by the Migration Policy Institute suggests that just over 800,000 (or 7 percent) of the 11 million undocumented individuals in the United States have criminal records. 1 Of this population, 300,000 individuals are felony offenders and 390,000 are serious misdemeanor offenders -tallies which exclude more than 93 percent of the resident undocumented population (Rosenblum 2015, 22-24). Moreover, the Congressional Research Service found that 140,000 undocumented migrants -or slightly more than 1 percent of the undocumented population -are currently serving time in 1 These numbers are based on the assumption that "unauthorized immigrants and lawful noncitizens commit crimes at similar rates" (Rosenblum 2015, 22). However, there is research that provides good support that criminality among the undocumented is lower than for the foreign-born population overall (Rumbaut 2009;Ewing, Martínez, and Rumbaut 2015).