The Microvine: A Versatile Plant Model to Boost Grapevine Studies in Physiology and Genetics

Pellegrino, Anne; Romieu, Charles; Rienth, Markus; Torregrosa, Laurent

doi:10.5772/intechopen.86166

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Differences in tartaric acid (TA) concentration between vintages were less marked than those of malic acid (MA) (Figure 6 C), which can be explained by the higher temperatures in 2018, leading to a faster degradation of MA during ripening (Etienne et al, 2013;Luchaire et al, 2017;Pellegrino et al, 2019;Rienth et al, 2016;Torregrosa et al, 2019). TA showed a less marked vintage effect, because it is not metabolised after véraison (Rösti et al, 2018) and is thus relatively independent of temperature; however, it is exposed to concentration/dilution effects mediated by differences in berry volume, which explains its variation.…”

Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitymentioning

confidence: 96%

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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Understanding how different pedoclimatic conditions interact with vine and berry physiology, and subsequently impact wine quality, is paramount for an good valorization of viticultural terroirs and can help to optimize mitigation strategies in the face of global warming.The aim of the present study was to establish terroir zones in a steep slope region in Switzerland based on vine and berry physiology. The study area, Villette in the AOC Lavaux, was a unique experimental site due to the homogeneity of plant material in a relatively small microclimate (140 ha) and a multiplicity of different expositions, soil types and altitudes. Vine and berry physiology as well as temperature of twenty-two plots were monitored during three consecutive seasons to investigate whether a link with pedoclimatic parameters can be established.The annual temporal variation of the average temperature was 142 growing degree days (GDD) over all years. Remarkably, spatial temperature variability was twice as high, with a variation between most extreme plots of 395 GDDs on average over all years. PCA and hierarchical clustering of assessed vine and berry physiological parameters resulted in a vintage dependent grouping of plots differing between years, which was not congruent with geological entities. This highlights the importance of the vintage effect, which had a large influence on vine and berry physiology and impacted terroir zones more than soil groups. Important differences in budburst and flowering were observed between plots, whereas altitude was the main driver of precocity in all years, being relatively independent of the vintage, which confirms the importance of topography in viticultural terroirs.

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Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitymentioning

confidence: 96%

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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“…The cultivar and the type of plant material used, as well as the experimental constraints for such studies, affect the responses of berry metabolism to temperature regimes. Control climate chamber experiments are mostly conducted with small model plants such as fruiting cuttings (Pillet et al, 2012 ; Carbonell-Bejerano et al, 2013 ; Lecourieux et al, 2017 ) or mutant microvines (Rienth et al, 2012 , 2014a , b , 2016 , 2017 ; Houel et al, 2015 ; Luchaire et al, 2017 ; Torregrosa et al, 2017 , 2019 ; Pellegrino et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Grape Berry Secondary Metabolites and Their Modulation by Abiotic Factors in a Climate Change Scenario–A Review

et al. 2021

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Temperature, water, solar radiation, and atmospheric CO2 concentration are the main abiotic factors that are changing in the course of global warming. These abiotic factors govern the synthesis and degradation of primary (sugars, amino acids, organic acids, etc.) and secondary (phenolic and volatile flavor compounds and their precursors) metabolites directly, via the regulation of their biosynthetic pathways, or indirectly, via their effects on vine physiology and phenology. Several hundred secondary metabolites have been identified in the grape berry. Their biosynthesis and degradation have been characterized and have been shown to occur during different developmental stages of the berry. The understanding of how the different abiotic factors modulate secondary metabolism and thus berry quality is of crucial importance for breeders and growers to develop plant material and viticultural practices to maintain high-quality fruit and wine production in the context of global warming. Here, we review the main secondary metabolites of the grape berry, their biosynthesis, and how their accumulation and degradation is influenced by abiotic factors. The first part of the review provides an update on structure, biosynthesis, and degradation of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and non-flavonoids) and major aroma compounds (terpenes, thiols, methoxypyrazines, and C13 norisoprenoids). The second part gives an update on the influence of abiotic factors, such as water availability, temperature, radiation, and CO2 concentration, on berry secondary metabolism. At the end of the paper, we raise some critical questions regarding intracluster berry heterogeneity and dilution effects and how the sampling strategy can impact the outcome of studies on the grapevine berry response to abiotic factors.

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“…Like other plant models, this information is mainly generated through genetic engineering studies which still are scarce in fruit trees. As the lag created by the lack of robust and tractable systems for genetic studies tends to abate, the adoption of multiplexing tools through both gene silencing and gene editing for fruit trees studies would help accelerate the acquisition of this foundational information A good example is the development of the microvine model of grapevine, which has been extensively used for reverse genetic and physiological studies ( Chaïb et al., 2010 ; Pellegrino et al., 2019 ; Torregrosa et al., 2019 ). Major research programs developed to generate mutant collections that exist in monocots need to expand in fruit trees ( Salomé, 2020 ; Liu et al., 2020a ).…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgene-free genome editing and RNAi ectopic application in fruit trees: Potential and limitations

Gouthu

Mandelli²,

Eubanks³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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For the past fifteen years, significant research advances in sequencing technology have led to a substantial increase in fruit tree genomic resources and databases with a massive number of OMICS datasets (transcriptomic, proteomics, metabolomics), helping to find associations between gene(s) and performance traits. Meanwhile, new technology tools have emerged for gain- and loss-of-function studies, specifically in gene silencing and developing tractable plant models for genetic transformation. Additionally, innovative and adapted transformation protocols have optimized genetic engineering in most fruit trees. The recent explosion of new gene-editing tools allows for broadening opportunities for functional studies in fruit trees. Yet, the fruit tree research community has not fully embraced these new technologies to provide large-scale genome characterizations as in cereals and other staple food crops. Instead, recent research efforts in the fruit trees appear to focus on two primary translational tools: transgene-free gene editing via Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery and the ectopic application of RNA-based products in the field for crop protection. The inherent nature of the propagation system and the long juvenile phase of most fruit trees are significant justifications for the first technology. The second approach might have the public favor regarding sustainability and an eco-friendlier environment for a crop production system that could potentially replace the use of chemicals. Regardless of their potential, both technologies still depend on the foundational knowledge of gene-to-trait relationships generated from basic genetic studies. Therefore, we will discuss the status of gene silencing and DNA-based gene editing techniques for functional studies in fruit trees followed by the potential and limitations of their translational tools (RNP delivery and RNA-based products) in the context of crop production.

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The Microvine: A Versatile Plant Model to Boost Grapevine Studies in Physiology and Genetics

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

Grape Berry Secondary Metabolites and Their Modulation by Abiotic Factors in a Climate Change Scenario–A Review

Transgene-free genome editing and RNAi ectopic application in fruit trees: Potential and limitations

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