The Micronucleus Assay. II. In Vitro

Heddle, John A.; Raj, A. Sudharsan; Krepinsky, Alena B.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5847-6_22

Cited by 27 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Clastogenic effects were evaluated in the mouse bone marrow using the micronucleus.assay as described by Heddle and Salmone, [ 11 ] and modified by Heddle et al [ 12 ]. The femurs from each of the animals were removed and bone marrow was aspirated with a syringe and microscopic slides prepared as described.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Laboratory Mice to Domestic Cooking Gas: - Implications for Toxicity

Odunola

Uka

Akinwumi

et al. 2008

IJERPH

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The ability of domestic cooking gas to induce hepatotoxicity and clastogenicity in mice was studied. The mice were exposed to domestic gas for twenty-one days at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg respectively. The positive control group of mice were given sodium arsenite intraperitoneously at a dose of 2.5mg/kg body weight. While the negative control group had only distilled water, sodium arsenite significantly (p < 0.05) induced the formation of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCEs), serum and liver gamma glutamyl transferase (γGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities respectively as compared with the observations made in the negative control group. Similarly, the domestic gas significantly (p<0.05) induced mPCEs formation, serum and liver, γGT and AP activities. The degree of induction was in the order of 100 mg/kg < 200 mg/kg < 300 mg/kg. However, when compared with the positive control group, the domestic cooking gas at the tested doses was not as potent as sodium arsenite in its ability to induce enzyme activity and mPCEs formation. Limited histopathological analysis of liver samples from treated and untreated mice showed distended blood vessels, necrosis and hepatocellular degeneration in the groups treated with high doses of domestic gas or sodium arsenite as compared with the untreated group. Our findings suggest that the domestic cooking gas has some degree of clastogenic and hepatotoxic activities in mice. Health risks may therefore be associated with long-term occupational and / or domestic exposure in humans.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Laboratory Mice to Domestic Cooking Gas: - Implications for Toxicity

Odunola

Uka

Akinwumi

et al. 2008

IJERPH

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“…22,23 The micronucleus assay is used as an effective cytogenetic end point for assessing the chromosomal damage induced by chemical mutagens and carcinogens. [24][25][26] The MN formation and the incidence of chromosomal aberrations are highly correlated. 26,27 Among the various techniques used to detect genetic and genotoxic effects, the micronucleus test is simple, cheap, and less cumbersome and allows convenient and easy application, particularly in genotoxic studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modulation of Doxorubicin-Induced Genotoxicity by Aegle marmelos in Mouse Bone Marrow: A Micronucleus Study

et al. 2007

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The effect of various concentrations of Aegle marmelos (AME) on the doxorubicin (DOX)-induced genotoxic effects in mice bone marrow was studied. Treatment of mice with different concentrations of DOX resulted in a dose-dependent elevation in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic (MPCE) as well as normochromatic (MNCE) erythrocytes in mouse bone marrow. The frequencies of MPCE and MNCE increased with scoring time, and the greatest elevation for MPCE was observed at 48 hours post-DOX treatment, whereas a maximum increase in MNCE was observed at 72 hours post-DOX treatment. This increase in MPCE and MNCE was accompanied by a decline in the polychromatic erythrocytes-normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE/NCE) ratio, which showed a DOX-dose-dependent decline. Treatment of mice with 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mg/kg body weight of AME, orally once daily for 5 consecutive days before DOX treatment, significantly reduced the frequency of DOX-induced micronuclei accompanied by a significant elevation in the PCE/NCE ratio at all scoring times. The greatest protection against DOX-induced genotoxicity was observed at 350 mg/kg AME. The protection against DOX-induced genotoxicity by AME may be due to inhibition of free radicals and increased antioxidant status.

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“…SCEs and chromosomal aberrations were detected on second-generation metaphase cells by staining with Giesma and processing as already described [13, 141. Micronuclei were detected on interphase cells of the same preparations, following the procedure suggested by Heddle et al [15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations induced by mitomycin C in mouse lymphocytes carrying a leukemogenic virus

Majone

Montaldi

Ronchese

et al. 1983

Teratog. Carcinog. Mutagen.

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The induction of chromosomal damage (sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), chromosomal aberrations, and micronuclei) in T lymphocytes from mouse spleen was analyzed after treatment in vivo with different concentrations of mitomycin C (MMC). Lymphocytes were derived from BALB/Mo mice, which carry an endogenous type C retrovirus (Moloney murine leukemia virus, M-MuLV), and from BALB/c mice (controls, M-MuLV-free). Chromosomal damage was determined in vitro on lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A) and incubated for two generation cycles with bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR). The baseline frequency of SCEs was significantly higher in untreated BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes. The frequencies of SCEs were significantly increased by increasing doses of MMC in both BALB/c and BALB/Mo T lymphocytes. Treatment with a low dose of MMC (0.3 mg/kg) produced an additive effect on SCE frequency in BALB/Mo lymphocytes, which was gradually suppressed by increasing the MMC concentration (3-5 mg/kg). Indeed, the levels of SCEs became significantly lower in BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes at the highest MMC concentration tested (10 mg/kg), indicating that a negative synergistic effect was eventually produced. Chromosomal aberrations (breaks and total aberrations) were significantly increased by the highest MMC doses (5-10 mg/kg) and were more frequent in BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes at 10 mg/kg MMC. The frequencies of micronuclei were increased by all MMC doses and were significantly higher in BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes at 10 mg/kg MMC. These results are referred to interferences of M-MuLV and MMC with the function of enzymes, such as DNA topoisomerases, involved in the mechanism of SCE production.

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The Micronucleus Assay. II. In Vitro

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Exposure of Laboratory Mice to Domestic Cooking Gas: - Implications for Toxicity

Exposure of Laboratory Mice to Domestic Cooking Gas: - Implications for Toxicity

Modulation of Doxorubicin-Induced Genotoxicity by Aegle marmelos in Mouse Bone Marrow: A Micronucleus Study

Sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations induced by mitomycin C in mouse lymphocytes carrying a leukemogenic virus

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