The micromechanics of the superficial zone of articular cartilage

Mansfield, Jessica C.; Bell, James Stephen; Winlove, C. Peter

doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.05.030

Cited by 36 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the collagen fibers at the superficial zone have an orientation, which is parallel to the articular surface along the split line orientation, and this characteristic ensures higher tensile moduli when tested along this orientation . It is also suggested that chondrocytes of the superficial zone are more prone to deformation changes such as elongation and rotation under tensile loading and compression under axial compressive loading . All the above characteristics of the chondrocytes in the superficial zone need to be further evaluated toward a more comprehensive understanding of the role in pathogenetic phenomena at the knee joint.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional properties of native and tissue‐engineered cartilage toward understanding the pathogenesis of chondral lesions at the knee: A bovine cadaveric study

Paschos

Lim

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Chondral lesions frequently occur in different topographic locations of the knee. This study evaluated the functional properties among the articulating surfaces of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints, and whether neo-cartilage engineered using chondrocytes from different knee locations would reflect these differences. The biomechanical properties of bovine cartilage isolated from eight locations within the tibiofemoral (medial and lateral condyle, medial and lateral tibial plateau) and patellofemoral joints (medial and lateral trochlea, medial and lateral patella) were examined. Tensile Young's moduli (tensile moduli) and aggregate moduli of the medial condyle were lower than those of the medial tibial plateau (6.11 ± 0.89 MPa vs. 7.19 ± 1.05 MPa, p = 0.04 and 354.4 ± 38.3 kPa vs. 419.4 ± 31.3 kPa, p = 0.002, respectively). Patella tensile and compressive moduli were lower than the trochlea (4.79 ± 2.01 MPa vs. 6.91 ± 2.46 MPa, p = 0.01 and 337.4 ± 37.2 kPa vs. 389.1 ± 38.3 kPa, p = 0.0005, respectively). Furthermore, chondrocytes from the above locations were used to engineer neo-cartilage, and its respective properties were evaluated. In neo-cartilage, medial condyle tensile and aggregate moduli were lower than in the medial tibial plateau (0.96 ± 0.23 MPa vs. 1.31 ± 0.31 MPa, p = 0.02, and 115.8 ± 26.0 kPa vs. 160.8 ± 18.8 kPa, p = 0.001, respectively). Compared to trochlear chondrocytes, neo-cartilage formed from patellar chondrocytes exhibited lower tensile and compressive moduli (1.16 ± 0.27 MPa vs. 0.74 ± 0.25 MPa, p < 0.001, and 109.1 ± 24.0 kPa vs. 82.5 ± 18.1 kPa, p < 0.001). A significant degree of disparity in biomechanical properties of the opposing articular surfaces was detected; the medial condyle and patella exhibited inferior properties compared to the opposing medial tibial plateau and trochlea, respectively. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2452-2464, 2017.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional properties of native and tissue‐engineered cartilage toward understanding the pathogenesis of chondral lesions at the knee: A bovine cadaveric study

Paschos

Lim

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…In a complementary study, Mansfield et al . 34 used multiphoton microscopy to visualize microscale strains in cartilage SZ, and second harmonic generation to visualize the collagen fibril network. They observed heterogeneous microscale deformations, with shearing between different regions of collagen under tensile strain, corrugations in the articular surface, and a nonuniform distribution of strain in the axial direction.…”

Section: Tissue Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoarthritis year in review 2015: mechanics

Varady

Grodzinsky

2016

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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Motivated by the conceptual framework of multi-scale biomechanics, this narrative review highlights recent major advances with a focus on gait and joint kinematics, then tissue-level mechanics, cell mechanics and mechanotransduction, matrix mechanics, and finally the nanoscale mechanics of matrix macromolecules. A literature review was conducted from January 2014 to April 2015 using PubMed to identify major developments in mechanics related to osteoarthritis (OA). Studies of knee adduction, flexion, rotation, and contact mechanics have extended our understanding of medial compartment loading. In turn, advances in measurement methodologies have shown how injuries to both the meniscus and ligaments, together, can alter joint kinematics. At the tissue scale, novel findings have emerged regarding the mechanics of the meniscus as well as cartilage superficial zone. Moving to the cell level, poroelastic and poroviscoelastic mechanisms underlying chondrocyte deformation have been reported, along with the response to osmotic stress. Further developments have emerged on the role of calcium signaling in chondrocyte mechanobiology, including exciting findings on the function of mechanically activated cation channels newly found to be expressed in chondrocytes. Finally, AFM-based nano-rheology systems have enabled studies of thin murine tissues and brush layers of matrix molecules over a wide range of loading rates including high rates corresponding to impact injury. With OA acknowledged to be a disease of the joint as an organ, understanding mechanical behavior at each length scale helps to elucidate the connections between cell biology, matrix biochemistry and tissue structure/function that may play a role in the pathomechanics of OA.

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“…A custom built micro-straining rig adapted from [24] was utilized to test the samples (Fig.a). The rig consists of two micromanipulation stages, each carrying a flat hook 8 mm in height.…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lamellar and fibre bundle mechanics of the annulus fibrosus in bovine intervertebral disc

et al. 2016

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The micromechanics of the superficial zone of articular cartilage

Abstract: This study highlights the complexity of superficial zone mechanics and demonstrates that the response of the collagen matrix, elastin fibres and chondrocytes are all heterogeneous on the microscopic scale.

Cited by 36 publications

References 40 publications

Functional properties of native and tissue‐engineered cartilage toward understanding the pathogenesis of chondral lesions at the knee: A bovine cadaveric study

Functional properties of native and tissue‐engineered cartilage toward understanding the pathogenesis of chondral lesions at the knee: A bovine cadaveric study

Osteoarthritis year in review 2015: mechanics

Lamellar and fibre bundle mechanics of the annulus fibrosus in bovine intervertebral disc

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