The microbiome of the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus in chronic rhinosinusitis

Ivanchenko, O.A.; Karpishchenko, S. А.; Kozlov, R.S.; Кречикова, О И; Otvagin, I.V.; Sopko, O N; Piskunov, G.Z.; Lopatin, A.S.

doi:10.4193/rhino15.018

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…A lot of hypotheses explaining the presence of hard‐to‐treat bacterial species in CRS patients have been put forward: formation of bacterial biofilm, intracellular survival of pathogens, and immune response to superantigens of S. aureus . So far, none of the hypotheses was confirmed 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…So far, none of the hypotheses was confirmed. 7 Despite fast development of innovative procedural and surgical techniques as well as increasingly better identification of pathogens, causes and systemic factors predisposing a person to chronic sinusitis require further studying. Hence it was hypothesized that an unbalanced immune response may be responsible for chronic rhinosinusitis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alteration of indicator gut microbiota in patients with chronic sinusitis

Michalik,

Podbielska‐Kubera,

Basińska

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundMany factors influence the composition of the sinus microflora. The microbial balance is most disturbed by the use of antibacterial agents. Superinfections caused by more than one pathogen may then occur. Despite treatment, including surgery and long‐term antibiotic therapy, many patients with sinusitis do not experience significant relief from their symptoms. It has been hypothesized that an imbalance in the gut microbiota may also be responsible for the chronicity of sinusitis. Our goal was therefore to identify selected gut indicator bacteria that play a role in immunity in patients with chronic sinusitis. In addition, compare the number of selected bacteria in two groups of patients: with chronic sinusitis and with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with concomitant diseases and/or symptoms other than CRS.ResultsSignificantly decreased numbers of Bifidobacterium spp. and Faecalibacterium prauznitzi bacteria were observed in patients from the G1 group. The majority of patients from this group (12 out of 13) had a significantly decreased number of Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria, which are involved in the nutrition and regeneration of gut epithelium cells and have anti‐inflammatory properties. In group G2 (patients with chronic sinusitis and symptoms of comorbidities) a decreased number of F. prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium spp., A. muciniphila and Lactobacillus spp. bacteria was observed. A small percentage of patients in this group showed overgrowth of yeast‐like fungi.ConclusionAlthough the more research is needed, possibly the gut microbiota indicator bacteria number analyses might enable to plan personalized prebiotic and probiotic treatment, which could support intestine microbiota and mucosal immunity patients suffering from chronic sinusitis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of indicator gut microbiota in patients with chronic sinusitis

Michalik,

Podbielska‐Kubera,

Basińska

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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“…Staphylococcus spp. have also been found to be prevalent in the sinus cavities of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, with Staphylococcus aureus being the predominant species [9][10][11][12][13]. Some studies address that aerobic bacteria are relevant in both chronic and acute infections, while anaerobic bacteria are predominant in chronic infections of odontogenic origin [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the nasal cavities and evaluation of sinus disorders in patients undergoing Le Fort I osteotomy

Mendes,

Bortoli,

Zaleski

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Introduction Orthognathic surgery can lead to sinus alterations, including sinusitis, attributed to the exposure of maxillary sinuses during Le Fort I osteotomy. Furthermore, being a hospital-based procedure, there is potential risk of complications arising from bacteria prevalent in such environments. This study evaluated maxillary sinusitis occurrence and the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the nasal cavity before and after orthognathic surgery. Methods Ten patients with dentofacial deformities underwent Le Fort I osteotomy. Clinical evaluations using SNOT-22 questionnaire were performed, and nasal cavity samples were collected pre-surgery and 3–6 months post-surgery to quantify total mesophilic bacteria and detect Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was performed pre- and post-operatively, and the results were evaluated using the Lund-Mackay system. This study was registered and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of PUCRS (No. 4.683.066). Results The evaluation of SNOT-22 revealed that five patients showed an improvement in symptoms, while two remained in the same range of interpretation. One patient developed post-operative maxillary sinusitis, which was not detected at the time of evaluation by SNOT-22 or CBCT. CBCT showed a worsening sinus condition in three patients, two of whom had a significant increase in total bacteria count in their nasal cavities. The Brodsky scale was used to assess hypertrophy in palatine tonsils, where 60% of the subjects had grade 1 tonsils, 20% had grade 2 and 20% had grade 3. None of the patients had grade 4 tonsils, which would indicate more than 75% obstruction. Two patients harboured S. aureus and K. pneumoniae in their nasal cavities. Notably, K. pneumoniae, which was multidrug-resistant, was present in the nasal cavity of patients even before surgery, but this did not result in maxillary sinusitis, likely due to the patients’ young and healthy condition. Conclusion There was an improvement in signs and symptoms of maxillary sinusitis and quality of life in most patients after orthognathic surgery. However, some patients may still harbour multidrug-resistant bacteria, even if they are asymptomatic. Therefore, a thorough pre-operative assessment is essential to avoid difficult-to-treat post-operative complications.

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“…In recent years, the focus has been broadened to include the microbiome of the upper and lower airways. In addition to allergy, our field has also been given more and more attention to studying the microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis (2) . An important driver for all this research is the realization that the composition of the microbiome may have consequences for the development of disease states and that the microbiome might be a target for treatment (3) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbiome analyses in chronic rhinosinusitis

2024

Rhin

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In this edition of Rhinology we feature the work of Connell and colleagues from Australia on chronic rhinosinusitis that describes an interesting new pipeline to characterize the bacterial composition of microbiota. We are constantly exposed to a multitude of micro-organisms in the environment and our immune system has the important task discerning and fighting off potential threats. In most people the immune system is doing its job properly and prevents anything untoward from happening. On occasion, a microbe slips by the first (innate) level of defense and we might suffer from an infection. This then activates the second layer of (the adaptive) defense tasked to clear this infection. Sometimes the immune system gets its wrong and starts a full-out defense against something harmless, and an allergy is born. The task of the immune system of doing what is right is even more difficult than it might seem at first sight. In addition to these incidental potential threats, our mucosal surfaces are lined with commensal bacteria which contributes to the complexity of our environment. This collection of bacteria or microbiome has become a major focus of research, as the composition of this microbiome seems related to the health state of the individual. Originally the relationship between the gut microbiome and the development of asthma and allergy was the main focus. In recent years, the focus has been broadened to include the microbiome of the upper and lower airways. In addition to allergy, our field has also been given more and more attention to studying the microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis.

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The microbiome of the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus in chronic rhinosinusitis

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Alteration of indicator gut microbiota in patients with chronic sinusitis

Alteration of indicator gut microbiota in patients with chronic sinusitis

Detection of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the nasal cavities and evaluation of sinus disorders in patients undergoing Le Fort I osteotomy

Microbiome analyses in chronic rhinosinusitis

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