The microbiological quality of drinking water sold on the streets in Kumasi, Ghana

Obiri‐Danso, Kwasi; Okore-Hanson, A.; Jones, Keith

doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01403.x

Cited by 82 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The results obtained in this study were comparable and in agreement with similar reports by other researchers such as Obiri-Danso et al [10] and Ehlers et al [21], which indicates that bottled water generally met the criteria set by the WHO on drinking water quality. However, more extensive surveillance of bottled water industries and more stringent regulations should be developed and enforced to ensure that the standards recorded in this study are maintained.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The results of this study compares with a similar study done in Kumasi, Ghana in which no total or faecal coliforms were detected in any of the three batches of seven brands of bottled water tested [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Earlier investigations conducted on the safety of drinking water in Kumasi, the second largest city in Ghana reported that bottled water was of good microbiological quality while the quality of some plastic bagged drinking water was noted to be doubtful [10]. The main objective of this study was to examine the bacteriological quality of bottled water currently available on the Ghanaian market by determining the total and faecal coliform count using the multiple tube fermentation method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ghana, the past decade has seen a dramatic increase in the consumption of bottled water, and more especially plastic-bagged drinking water [10]. The increase in demand for these products has been attributed to changes in fashion towards the consumption of designer water, increased concerns about the safety of piped water supply and an increased influx of people into major shopping areas with a requirement for good drinking water [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteriological quality of bottled water sold on the Ghanaian market

Addo¹,

Mensah²,

Donkor³

et al. 2009

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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Consumption of bottled water is increasing rapidly in developing countries especially among the middle and high income earners as it is generally perceived to be pure, clean and of good quality. This has led to the sale of different brands of bottled water on the Ghanaian market. Although disease outbreaks due to contaminated bottled water are rare, any contamination may pose a unique hazard because of the widespread distribution. Bacteriological contamination of bottled water can occur through the bottling process or as a result of storage for long periods at room temperatures or higher. Since bottled water may be consumed by a wide range of people including the elderly, children and pregnant women, its safety must always be assured. The bacteriological quality of the current 7 brands of bottled water on the Ghanaian market was tested over a period of 10 weeks. Ten different batches of each brand was randomly selected and purchased from the market making a total of 70 samples. Sampling was done weekly in July-September 2007 and bacteriological examination conducted by multiple tube fermentation method to detect the presence of total coliforms, faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli. Results obtained were analyzed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) standards and guidelines for drinking water. Using the Most Probable Number (MPN) Index for various combination of positive and negative results, an MPN value of less than two (<2) total and faecal coliform were recorded for all the 70 samples of bottled water. The results showed that the bacteriological quality of the seven brands of bottled water samples analyzed was within the acceptable limits set by WHO guidelines and therefore safe for human consumption. However, more extensive surveillance of the bottled water industries and stringent regulations should be developed and enforced to ensure that the standards recorded in this study are maintained.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bacteriological quality of bottled water sold on the Ghanaian market

Addo¹,

Mensah²,

Donkor³

et al. 2009

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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“…Literature on sachet water has focused on microbial and physicochemical quality (Obiri -Danso et al, 2003;Dodoo et al, 2006;Ampofo et al, 2007;Addo et al, 2009;Ngozi, et al 2010;Oyedeji, Olutiola, & Moninuola, 2010), labeling ISSN 2327-5510 2014 requirements (Dada, 2009) and potential disease transmission (Kwakye -Nuako et al, 2007). The word sachet itself according to Stoler (2012) does not exist in the United Nations 440 page Human Development report focusing on global water crises (United Nations Development Programme, 2006).…”

Section: Health Beliefs Associated With Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumers’ Perception of Quality and Health Beliefs of Sachet Drinking Water: Evidence from Obuasi in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Ngmekpele

Hawkins²

2014

IJSSR

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The consistent rise in the utilization of sachet water as a primary source of drinking water for households and the general public has come of note in recent times. Government efforts to provide a safe and reliable source of drinking water has not been fully realized thus alternative sources of water provisioning are sought by the population. In spite of the varying levels of contamination reported in all studies in Ghana on sachet water quality, it still receives an appreciable level of trust from consumers. This study therefore employed both quantitative and qualitative research designs to elicit survey and semi -structured interview responses. The semi -structured interviews were a follow up to probe further respondents' health beliefs and concerns associated with sachet water. The study unveiled health beliefs associated with sachet water, concerns about tap and bottled water, respondents' admission to littering with plastic sachet, brand loyalty, attitudes towards the cross -checking of labeling requirements and respondents' perceived quality of sachet water. Others included respondents' consumption behavior and sachet water companies' compliance to labeling requirements on sachet water. Many a respondent were unsure of any health beliefs with regard to sachet water but were concerned about its storage. Brand loyalty played a good role in consumers' choice of sachet water with organoleptic properties (colour, taste and odour) the main factors influencing the perceived quality of sachet water. Others included religious affiliation of sachet water producing companies, packaging and radio advertisements.

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From curiosity to commodity: a review of the evolution of sachet drinking water in West Africa

Stoler

2017

WIREs Water

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The private sector continues to play an important role in filling local drinking water supply gaps across the Global South. In West Africa, a perfect storm of rapid population growth, infrastructure mismanagement, and globalization of consumer markets has resulted in the advent of an entire new industry around packaged water, primarily ‘sachet water’ sold in mechanically sealed plastic sleeves. Most local governments and international development agencies have historically perceived sachet water as a passing trend, but it has quickly become a primary drinking water source for the majority of households in many urban areas and continues to spread throughout the region and world. Sachet water is now an important component of regional water security, although with attendant issues related to governance, quality control, environmental pollution, and social justice. This paper reviews the seminal literature on sachet water in West Africa, with particular emphasis on Ghana and Nigeria, where most studies have focused. This review synthesizes governance issues, consumer and industry trends, and the latest on product quality in the literature from 2011 to 2016, with 2010 approximating an inflection point for the modernization of the industry. The ability of many West African nations to achieve universal access to safe drinking water may depend on their willingness to understand and incorporate the sachet water industry into an integrated drinking water platform. WIREs Water 2017, 4:e1206. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1206 This article is categorized under: Engineering Water > Planning Water Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water Human Water > Water Governance

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The microbiological quality of drinking water sold on the streets in Kumasi, Ghana

Cited by 82 publications

References 9 publications

Bacteriological quality of bottled water sold on the Ghanaian market

Bacteriological quality of bottled water sold on the Ghanaian market

Consumers’ Perception of Quality and Health Beliefs of Sachet Drinking Water: Evidence from Obuasi in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

From curiosity to commodity: a review of the evolution of sachet drinking water in West Africa

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