The Microbial Ecology of Liver Abscesses in Cattle

Pinnell, Lee J.; Morley, Paul S.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2022.08.004

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…According to Plaizier et al [38], LA can impact the overall health and well-being of the animal, resulting in decreased carcass quality. Abscesses can lead to liver condemnations during post-mortem inspections, causing economic losses for the livestock industry [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Liver Abscesses on Performance and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle: A Meta-Analysis Study

Torres,

da Silva,

Chardulo

et al. 2024

Ruminants

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The use of high-grain diets in feedlots is associated with the development of acidosis and ruminitis, which can lead to the occurrence of liver abscesses (LAs). However, the effect of LA on carcass traits is not well known. This study assessed the effects of LA on the performance and carcass traits of beef cattle. Nine peer-reviewed publications with forty-seven treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of the LA were evaluated by examining the weighted mean difference (WMD) between LA (animal with LA) and control treatment (animal without LA). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression, followed by a subgroup analysis of the scores and percentages of liver abscess and concentrate level in the feedlot diet. Animals affected by LA showed a reduction in dry matter intake (−1.03%) and feed efficiency (−1.82%). Animals with an LA score of “A” (one or two small abscesses) exhibited a decrease in carcass weight (WMD = 3.41 kg; p = 0.034) and ribeye area (WMD = −1.37 cm2; p = 0.019). When assessing the impact of LA on carcass traits, the most reliable finding indicates a 1.21% reduction in the ribeye area, with no adverse effects observed on subcutaneous fat thickness or the marbling score in the carcass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Liver Abscesses on Performance and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle: A Meta-Analysis Study

Torres,

da Silva,

Chardulo

et al. 2024

Ruminants

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“…These bacterial genera, however, were not relatively abundant in the liver tissue of the newborn calves. The liver has traditionally been believed to be sterile; however, this has recently been challenged by the identification of a commensal microbiota in the liver of healthy cattle ( Pinnell and Morley, 2022 ) and humans ( Tilg et al, 2020 ; Leinwand et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-body microbiota of newborn calves and their response to prenatal vitamin and mineral supplementation

et al. 2023

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Early life microbial colonization and factors affecting colonization patterns are gaining interest due to recent developments suggesting that early life microbiome may play a role in Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. In cattle, limited information exists on the early microbial colonization of anatomical sites involved in bovine health beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we investigated 1) the initial microbial colonization of seven different anatomical locations in newborn calves and 2) whether these early life microbial communities and 3) serum cytokine profiles are influenced by prenatal vitamin and mineral (VTM) supplementation. Samples were collected from the hoof, liver, lung, nasal cavity, eye, rumen (tissue and fluid), and vagina of beef calves that were born from dams that either received or did not receive VTM supplementation throughout gestation (n = 7/group). Calves were separated from dams immediately after birth and fed commercial colostrum and milk replacer until euthanasia at 30 h post-initial colostrum feeding. The microbiota of all samples was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR. Calf serum was subjected to multiplex quantification of 15 bovine cytokines and chemokines. Our results indicated that the hoof, eye, liver, lung, nasal cavity, and vagina of newborn calves were colonized by site-specific microbiota, whose community structure differed from the ruminal-associated communities (0.64 ≥ R2 ≥ 0.12, p ≤ 0.003). The ruminal fluid microbial community was the only one that differed by treatment (p < 0.01). However, differences (p < 0.05) by treatment were detected in microbial richness (vagina); diversity (ruminal tissue, fluid, and eye); composition at the phylum and genus level (ruminal tissue, fluid, and vagina); and in total bacterial abundance (eye and vagina). From serum cytokines evaluated, concentration of chemokine IP-10 was greater (p = 0.02) in VTM calves compared to control calves. Overall, our results suggest that upon birth, the whole-body of newborn calves are colonized by relatively rich, diverse, and site-specific bacterial communities. Noticeable differences were observed in ruminal, vaginal, and ocular microbiota of newborn calves in response to prenatal VTM supplementation. These findings can derive future hypotheses regarding the initial microbial colonization of different body sites, and on maternal micronutrient consumption as a factor that may influence early life microbial colonization.

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“…These bacterial genera, however, were not relatively abundant in the liver tissue of the newborn calves. The liver has traditionally been believed to be sterile;however, this has recently been challenged by the identification of a commensal microbiota in the liver of healthy cattle (90) and humans (91, 92).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-body Microbiota of Newborn Calves and Their Response to Prenatal Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation

Luecke

Holman

Schmidt

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Here, we investigated whether initial microbial colonization at seven different anatomical locations in newborn calves and their blood cytokines are influenced by prenatal vitamin and mineral (VTM) supplementation. Samples were collected from the hoof, liver, lung, nasal cavity, eye, rumen (tissue and fluid), and vagina of beef calves that were born from dams that received diets with or without VTM supplementation throughout gestation (n=7/group). Calves were separated from their dams immediately after birth and fed colostrum and milk replacer until euthanasia at 30 h post-initial colostrum feeding. The microbiota of all samples was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR. 15 cytokines and chemokines were quantified in their serum. The hoof, ocular, liver, respiratory, and reproductive sites of newborn calves were colonized by site-specific microbiota that differed from that of the rumen (0.64 ≥ R2 ≥ 0.12, P ≤ 0.003). Only the ruminal fluid microbiota was differed by on prenatal VTM supplementation (P<0.01 Differences (P<0.05) were detected in microbial richness (vagina), diversity (ruminal tissue and fluid, eye), composition at the phylum and genus level (ruminal tissue and fluid, and vagina), and total bacterial abundance (ocular and vagina) between VTM and control calves. The cytokine IP-10 was higher (P=0.02) in VTM calves. Overall, our results suggest that despite immediate separation from the dam upon birth, whole-body of 32-h old calves are colonized by relatively rich, diverse and site-specific bacterial communities, and that initial microbial colonization of the rumen, vagina and oculus seem to be influenced by the prenatal VTM supplementation.

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The Microbial Ecology of Liver Abscesses in Cattle

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

The Impact of Liver Abscesses on Performance and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle: A Meta-Analysis Study

The Impact of Liver Abscesses on Performance and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle: A Meta-Analysis Study

Whole-body microbiota of newborn calves and their response to prenatal vitamin and mineral supplementation

Whole-body Microbiota of Newborn Calves and Their Response to Prenatal Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation

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