The microanatomy of the alveolar duct of the human lung imaged by confocal microscopy and visualised with computer-based 3D reconstruction

Cookson, M. J.; Davies, C. J.; Entwistle, Alan; Whimster, W. F.

doi:10.1016/0895-6111(93)90044-n

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A direct view down the axis of the duct or an oblique view were commonly obtained, from which the ''helical'' or ''looped'' shape of the duct's elastic structure could be easily recognised ( fig. 3a and c, and online video) [13]. In contrast, a lateral viewpoint could show the extension of the alveolar duct along its longitudinal axis, and the resulting elongation of the entrance rings in synchronisation with the respiration cycle ( fig.…”

Section: In Vivo Acinar Fcfm Imaging In Nonsmoking Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humanin vivofluorescence microimaging of the alveolar ducts and sacs during bronchoscopy

Thiberville¹,

Salaün²,

Lachkar³

et al. 2009

Eur Respir J

218

196

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The aim of the present study was to assess fibred confocal fluorescence microscopy (FCFM) as a tool for imaging the alveolar respiratory system in vivo during bronchoscopy.A 488-nm excitation wavelength FCFM device was used in 41 healthy subjects including 17 active smokers. After topical anaesthesia, the 1.4-mm miniprobe was introduced into the bronchoscope working channel and advanced distally to the alveoli. Morphometric and cellular analyses were performed on selected frames harbouring a minimal compression effect.In vivo acinar microimaging was obtained from each lung segment except for the apical and posterior segments of both upper lobes. Reproducible patterns, corresponding to the elastic framework of the axial and peripheral interstitial systems, were recorded from 192 separate acini. The mean¡SD thickness of the acinar elastic fibres was 10¡2.7 mm. Alveolar mouth diameters (mean¡SD 278¡53 mm) were normally distributed but appeared smaller in the right upper lobe and right medial basal segment. Lobular microvessels (median diameter 90 mm) were equally distributed throughout the lungs. Alveolar macrophages were not detectable in nonsmokers, whereas a specific tobacco-tar-induced fluorescence was observed in smoking subjects, providing fine details of the alveolar walls and macrophages. A strong correlation was found between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the amount of large and mobile macrophages observed in vivo, as well as with the intensity of the macrophage alveolitis.Fibred confocal fluorescence microscopy enables accurate exploration of the peripheral lung in vivo in both smokers and nonsmokers.

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Section: In Vivo Acinar Fcfm Imaging In Nonsmoking Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humanin vivofluorescence microimaging of the alveolar ducts and sacs during bronchoscopy

Thiberville¹,

Salaün²,

Lachkar³

et al. 2009

Eur Respir J

218

196

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This approach is restricted in that imaging depth below the tissue surface is limited by light penetration and the working distance of the objective lens [104]. Cookson et al [76] warned that caution was necessary in interpreting confocal 3d renderings because the relative contributions of the various factors (refractive index changes, tissue density changes, resorption) causing depth-dependent loss of resolution and/or intensity were difficult to measure and correct. Multiphoton microscopy improves imaging depth, but the imaging depth is still restricted to ∼100 µm into the lung [105].…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser scanning confocal microscopy provides sufficient resolution to image fine-scale acinar detail, but there have been very few 3d acinar reconstruction studies using this method. Cookson et al [76] used serial optical sections acquired by confocal microscopy to produce 3d volume renderings of human alveolar ducts. This approach is restricted in that imaging depth below the tissue surface is limited by light penetration and the working distance of the objective lens [104].…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twodimensional (2d) sections of lung parenchyma are insufficient for many purposes and can produce erroneous models of lung structure [76]. For instance, 3d structural rendering is crucial to the study of micromechanics in 3d acinar microarchitecture, particularly given the likelihood of heterogeneous behavior with ventilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the necessity of accurate 3d structural renderings of the gas exchange regions of the lung, there have been only a handful of attempts in the past (e. g. ., [76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]), mainly because formidable effort was required using traditional specimen preparation and imaging techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The microanatomy of the alveolar duct of the human lung imaged by confocal microscopy and visualised with computer-based 3D reconstruction

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Humanin vivofluorescence microimaging of the alveolar ducts and sacs during bronchoscopy

Humanin vivofluorescence microimaging of the alveolar ducts and sacs during bronchoscopy

High resolution tomographic imaging of the alveolar region of the mammalian lung

Visualization Systems for Multi-Dimensional Microscopy Images

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