The Metropolis Pollution of Trace Metals—Shanghai and Nanjing, China

Zhang, Hui

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3612-6_3

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Ws‐F and Ex‐F plant uptake processes can bring to a redistribution of the different fluoride forms in the soil in order to restore the chemical equilibrium 53 . Furthermore, the precipitation or dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides is associated with changes in soil redox condition, with consequent adsorption or release of the combined fluoride 54 . The Fe/Mn‐F fraction represented, however, a very marginal fraction in the soils of the case study areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fluoride uptake and translocation in food crops grown in fluoride‐rich soils

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: The East African Rift Valley (EARV) area is characterized by an intense volcanic activity, which largely influences the nature of soils, ground and surface waters causing a transfer of fluoride from volcanic emissions to the environment. Field experiments were conducted in fluorine-contaminated areas of Ngarenanyuki (Arumeru district) in north Tanzania. In order to evaluate the potential fluoride exposure from diet and the related health risk for the local population, the content of fluoride in soil and plant tissues was assessed, focusing on the edible portions (leaves, fruits or seeds) of the main cultivated and consumed food crops in the area. RESULTS: Average fluoride contents of 8.0, 11.4, 11.3 and 14.2 mg kg −1 of dry matter were observed respectively for maize (Zea mays L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and kale (Brassica sp. pl.) edible parts. The cumulative estimated average daily dose (EADD) ranged from 0.026 to 0.165 mg F d −1 kg −1 among different rural population groups and considering two different hypotheses of absorption fraction (75% or 100%), i.e. the amount of fluoride that is absorbed during the digestion process. The associated hazard index (HI) values varied from 0.43 to 2.75. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the dietary habits of the local population, the outcomes of the present study suggest that the investigated crops can substantially contribute to fluoride related diseases, especially in earlier ages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fluoride uptake and translocation in food crops grown in fluoride‐rich soils

et al. 2020

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“…Briefly, participants were enrolled among the pregnant women who were waiting for delivery in the obstetrics departments. These participants were all inhabitants of Northwest China and resided in Shaanxi, China, during pregnancy, where the trace element concentrations are not considerably different [ 23 ]. Mothers whose fetuses were diagnosed with isolated CHDs and had no chromosomal abnormalities or gene disorders were included in the cases, and mothers whose fetuses were diagnosed with no congenital malformations were included in the controls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Zinc, Copper, and Selenium Intakes during Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Defects

et al. 2022

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The effects of zinc, copper, and selenium on human congenital heart defects (CHDs) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of the maternal total, dietary, and supplemental intakes of zinc, copper, and selenium during pregnancy with CHDs. A hospital-based case-control study was performed, including 474 cases and 948 controls in Northwest China. Eligible participants waiting for delivery were interviewed to report their diets and characteristics in pregnancy. Mixed logistic regression was adopted to examine associations and interactions between maternal intakes and CHDs. Higher total intakes of zinc, selenium, zinc to copper ratio, and selenium to copper ratio during pregnancy were associated with lower risks of total CHDs and the subtypes, and the tests for trend were significant (all p < 0.05). The significantly inverse associations with CHDs were also observed for dietary intakes of zinc, selenium, zinc to copper ratio, selenium to copper ratio, and zinc and selenium supplements use during pregnancy and in the first trimester. Moreover, high zinc and high selenium, even with low or high copper, showed a significantly reduced risk of total CHDs. Efforts to promote zinc and selenium intakes during pregnancy need to be strengthened to reduce the incidence of CHDs in the Chinese population.

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“…It was found that the microhardness of the alloy with magnetic field was higher than that without magnetic field at the same aging time. After 8 h of aging, the alloyʹs microhardness To study the influence of magnetic field on the properties of different magnetic metals, high-purity Al, Ni, and Cu samples were firstly stressed, relieving annealing, then subjected to 30% compression deformation, and finally subjected to heat preservation and alternating magnetic field [13]. With the increase of magnetic induction intensity, the microhardness of paramagnetic pure Al and Ni (temperature above Curie point) gradually increased, while the microhardness of ferromagnetic pure Ni (temperature below Curie point) and diamagnetic pure Cu steadily declined.…”

Section: Magnetic Field Assisted Heat Treatment Of Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the above research contents [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], the changes in microhardness of magnetic field-assisted heat treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloy, beryllium-bronze alloy, and titanium alloy compared with that without magnetic field are sorted into Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the magnetic field can significantly change the hardness of the alloy during metal heat treatment assisted by a magnetic field.…”

Section: Magnetic Field Assisted Heat Treatment Of Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After applying the magnetic field, the microhardness of beryllium bronze alloy containing Ni and aluminum alloy containing Fe showed a different trend from that of other alloys without adding Ni or Fe whether this phenomenon is related to the ferromagnetic Fe and Ni element, and the influence of ferromagnetic elements on the properties of alloys with paramagnetic or diamagnetic base, which is worth further study. According to the above research contents [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], the changes in micro magnetic field-assisted heat treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloy, bronze alloy, and titanium alloy compared with that without magnetic field into Table . 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the magnetic field can significa the hardness of the alloy during metal heat treatment assisted by a magnetic f ticular, magnetic field-assisted annealing can significantly improve the plas 6.0Al-4.4V alloy prepared by selective laser melting process.…”

Section: Magnetic Field Assisted Heat Treatment Of Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Progress of Magnetic Field Regulated Mechanical Property of Solid Metal Materials

Zhao

et al. 2022

Metals

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During the material preparation process, the magnetic field can act with high intensity energy on the material without contact and affect its microstructure and properties. This non-contact processing method, which can change the microstructure and properties of material without affecting the shape and size of products, has become an important technical means to develop new materials and optimize the properties of materials. It has been widely used in scientific research and industrial production. In recent years, the magnetic field assisted processing of difficult-to-deform materials or improving the performance of complex and precision parts has been rapidly and widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. This paper reviews the research progress of magnetic field regulating the microstructure, and properties of solid metal materials. The effects of magnetic field-assisted heat treatment, magnetic field assisted stretching, and magnetic field independent treatment on the microstructure and properties of solid metal materials are introduced. The mechanism of the magnetic field effect on the properties of metal materials is summarized, and future research on the magnetic field effect on solid metal has been prospected.

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The Metropolis Pollution of Trace Metals—Shanghai and Nanjing, China

Cited by 3 publications

References 73 publications

Fluoride uptake and translocation in food crops grown in fluoride‐rich soils

Fluoride uptake and translocation in food crops grown in fluoride‐rich soils

Maternal Zinc, Copper, and Selenium Intakes during Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Defects

Research Progress of Magnetic Field Regulated Mechanical Property of Solid Metal Materials

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