The methylisothiazolinone contact allergy epidemic in Australia

Flury, Ursula; Palmer, Amanda; Nixon, Rosemary

doi:10.1111/cod.13025

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our results are in accordance with those previously reported in the literature prior to regulations of MI . This allergen was present in many products, primarily for adults, but also in some for children .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This allergen was present in many products, primarily for adults, but also in some for children . The main products containing MI reported in the literature, as well as in our study in absolute numbers, were shampoos, body cleansers, and skin care for body and face . Besides, a high proportion (22.7%) of the 22 examined wet wipes contained MI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Methylisothiazolinone in cosmetic products in Tunisia

et al. 2019

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Methylisothiazolinone in cosmetic products in Tunisia

et al. 2019

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“…In retrospective analyses, several publications identified the years 2010/11 as the years of the beginning of an epidemic . Most of the published studies covered the period 2010 to 2015 or parts of it, where sensitization rates were high (>7%) . The peak of the epidemic was reached in 2013/14 and a decline noted for 2014/15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last decade has seen an unprecedented epidemic of contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone (MI). Shortly after the first publication pointing to the dawning epidemic already in 2012, with sensitization rates rising from <2% in 2009 to >4% in 2011, reports from all over Europe, North America, and other parts of the world disclosed the full‐blown epidemic showing sensitization frequencies of >7% in patch‐tested dermatitis patients. In the preceding years, MI sensitization rates had remained <2%, attributed mainly to the use of MI (and mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) acting via cross‐reactions) in occupational applications, for example, paints .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The methylisothiazolinone epidemic goes along with changing patients' characteristics – After cosmetics, industrial applications are the focus

et al. 2019

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Background Sensitization to methylisothiazolinone (MI) has seen an exceptional epidemic, mainly attributed to its use in cosmetics. Objectives To trace the epidemic of MI allergy (2009–2018), and to analyze a possible change of patients' characteristics. Methods Informationsverbund Dermatologischer Kliniken‐data of patients patch tested between 2009 and 2018 with MI (0.05% aq.) were analyzed concerning anamnestic items and sensitization frequencies. Results Overall, 4.9% reacted positive to MI. Comparing sensitization to MI in three periods (2009, 2013/14, and 2017/18), there was an increase to 7% in 2013 and a decrease to 3.4% in 2018. The MOAHLFA Index (M=Men, O=Occupational Dermatitis, A=Atopic Dermatitis, L=Leg Dermatitis, F=Face Dermatitis, A= Age > 40) for the period 2013/14 is characterized by a lower proportion of occupational dermatitis and a higher proportion of face dermatitis. The period 2017/18 is characterized by increases of occupational dermatitis and hand dermatitis, and a decrease of face dermatitis. Painters, personal care workers, and hairdressers were particularly affected. Sensitization in hairdressers and personal care workers (mostly cosmeticians) decreased after the peak in 2013/14, whereas sensitization to MI in painters continued to increase. Conclusions After an unprecedented epidemic of MI allergy, mainly caused by its use in cosmetics, the continuous use of MI in industrial applications, for example, paints, and subsequent sensitization remain a matter of concern.

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“…At our tertiary patch test centre in Melbourne, 2787 patients were tested with MI over 7 years from 2011 to 2017, and 14.5% had positive patch test results, with 77% deemed to be relevant reactions. The percentage of positive reactions to MI peaked at 20.3% in 2015 and remained high at 11.4% in 2017 . It is important to test for both MCI/MI and MI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergic contact dermatitis in children and proposal for an Australian Paediatric Baseline Series

et al. 2019

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Background Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an increasingly common diagnosis in children. The objectives of this study were to review our experience with ACD in children in tertiary settings, to ascertain the spectrum of allergens in this population and to subsequently propose the first Australian Paediatric Baseline Series for patch testing. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of patch test data from 1993 to 2017 from two tertiary referral patch‐testing centres in Melbourne, Victoria. Results A total of 511 children were patch tested during the study period. Of these, 58.3% (298/511) of children tested had a positive patch test, and 65.1% (194/298, or 38.0% of the total) had a relevant positive patch test. The most common relevant patch test reactions were fragrance mix, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI), Myroxylon pereirae, nickel sulphate, and colophonium. Conclusion Allergic contact dermatitis is not uncommon in children, and patch testing should be considered in children with suspected ACD or with recalcitrant atopic dermatitis. Based on our experience over 25 years, we propose the first Australian Paediatric Baseline Series.

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The methylisothiazolinone contact allergy epidemic in Australia

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

Methylisothiazolinone in cosmetic products in Tunisia

Methylisothiazolinone in cosmetic products in Tunisia

The methylisothiazolinone epidemic goes along with changing patients' characteristics – After cosmetics, industrial applications are the focus

Allergic contact dermatitis in children and proposal for an Australian Paediatric Baseline Series

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