The Metastability of Retained Austenite in Multiphase Steel during Abrasive Wear

Zurnadzhy, V. І.; Ефременко, В. Г.; Брыков, М. Н.; Petryshynets, Ivan; Пастухова, Т. В.; Kussa, Roman

doi:10.3103/s1068366620020178

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Unstable austenite has high wear resistance in abrasive wear conditions [ 28 , 29 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. This is due to mechanically induced martensite that appears from austenite on the surface during abrasive wear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and Properties of Heat Affected Zone in High-Carbon Steel after Welding with Fast Cooling in Water

et al. 2020

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The purpose of the research was to obtain an arc welded joint of a preliminary quenched high-carbon wear resistant steel without losing the structure that is previously obtained by heat treatment. 120Mn3Si2 steel was chosen for experiments due to its good resistance to mechanical wear. The fast cooling of welding joints in water was carried out right after welding. The major conclusion is that the soft austenitic layer appears in the vicinity of the fusion line as a result of the fast cooling of the welding joint. The microstructure of the heat affected zone of quenched 120Mn3Si2 steel after welding with rapid cooling in water consists of several subzones. The first one is a purely austenitic subzone, followed by austenite + martensite microstructure, and finally, an almost fully martensitic subzone. The rest of the heat affected zone is tempered material that is heated during welding below A1 critical temperature. ISO 4136 tensile tests were carried out for the welded joints of 120Mn3Si2 steel and 09Mn2Si low carbon steel (ASTM A516, DIN13Mn6 equivalent) after welding with fast cooling in water. The tests showed that welded joints are stronger than the quenched 120Mn3Si2 steel itself. The results of work can be used in industries where the severe mechanical wear of machine parts is a challenge.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instable austenite is able to transform into mechanically induced martensite during low-cycle fatigue wear. Thus, the wear resistance of the austenitic core will be greater than that for martensitic layers [ 28 , 29 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Nevertheless, the wear resistance of martensitic layers would be satisfactory as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Properties of Heat Affected Zone in High-Carbon Steel after Welding with Fast Cooling in Water

et al. 2020

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“…However, when an applied load was too high (in the study 30 N [ 41 ] ), the ‘‘wear‐induced hardness increase’’ was not sufficient and surface fatigue prevailed. [ 41 ] Furthermore, the metastability of the retained austenite depending on the local chemical composition as well as on the distribution of austenite in the microstructure affect the wear behavior according to the findings of Zurnadzhy et al [ 45 ] In contrast, the X90CrMoV18 tool steel is composed of tempered martensite and Cr 23 C 6 carbides in different sizes (below 5 μm and with 5 μm to 8 μm). These carbides are isolated embedded in the martensitic matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Corrosion‐Resistant Tool Steels with Superior Wear Properties

et al. 2022

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Recent toolmaking faces a growing variety of challenges. Innovative solutions in material development and process technology are required. The application of high-strength and wear-resistant materials and composites in industrial production results in constantly increasing demands on the quality of tools and their performance. Furthermore, tools and moulds must withstand permanent use and superimposed loadings. A high strength, an adequate toughness as well as resistance against wear and corrosion of the applied materials are demanded in the processing of e.g., polymers and composites. Here, polymers with very hard fillers like corundum lead to aggressively abrasive wear conditions for the tools. [1,2] Additionally, the tools have to sustain a corrosive attack due to acids (e.g., hydrochloric and sulfuric acid) deriving from polymerisation and thermal degradation of the polymers. [2,3] Thus, corrosion-resistant cold-work steels (e.g., X90CrMoV18 containing 18% Cr) are primarily applied. Alloy designs in order to meet the rising requirements for tools in plastics processing were studied by e.g., Huth et al. [2,4] based on the attempts to produce corrosion-and wearresistant multiphase steels (e.g., X190CrVMo20-4 as well as X140CrNbMo12-10-2) by powder metallurgy (PM). PM steel tools can partly achieve longer service lives than conventionally produced tool steels, because of the enabled addition of a high number of alloying elements like C, Cr, Nb, V to build a lot of very hard (mono)carbides. However, their production is expensive and complex, and their repair and maintenance by e.g., deposition welding is extremely challenging due to the very high carbide content and enclosed production-related gases in the PM steels. [5] A near-net-shape tool production by casting provides an economical alternative to the mentioned timeconsuming and expensive PM manufacturing. Furthermore, by tailored alloy designs as well as targeted solidification and cooling processes, specific microstructures can be adjusted already in the as cast state without any additional forming and heat treatment procedure. Thus, mechanical post-processing can be minimized and subsequent heat treatment is reduced.A targeted alloy design and process optimization for the production of high-strength cast tools are presented in studies of Hufenbach et al. [6][7][8] The tailored casting technology implies high solidification rates ≥ 10 K s À1 by using a copper mould. [9] No additional heat treatment is required to produce castings with

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“…The transformation of metastable austenite to martensite under mechanical load can be used as a phenomenon to distinguish between wear conditions. This effect is being extensively used to increase the wear resistance of steels and cast irons subjected to cavitation [ 16 ] and AW [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Transformation is possible when austenite undergoes deformation (bulk [ 21 , 22 ] or in a thin surface layer [ 17 , 18 ]) in the temperature range between the martensite start temperature (M s ) and temperature M d .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrasive Wear of High-Carbon Low-Alloyed Austenite Steel: Microhardness, Microstructure and X-ray Characteristics of Worn Surface

et al. 2021

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A high-carbon, high-silicon steel (1.21 wt% C, 2.56 wt% Mn, 1.59 wt% Si) was subjected to quenching from 900 and 1000 °C, resulting in microstructures containing 60 and 94% of retained austenite, respectively. Subsequent abrasive wear tests of quenched samples were performed using two-body abrasion and three-body abrasion testing machines. Investigations on worn surface and subsurface were carried out using SEM, XRD, and microhardness measurement. It was found that the highest microhardness of worn surface (about 1400 HV0.05) was achieved on samples quenched from 900 °C after three-body abrasion. Microhardness of samples after two-body abrasion was noticeably smaller. with a maximum of about 1200 HV0.05. This difference correlates with microstructure investigations along with XRD results. Three-body abrasion has produced a significantly deeper deformed layer; corresponding diffractograms show bigger values of the full width at half maximum parameter (FWHM) for both α and γ alone standing peaks. The obtained results are discussed in the light of possible differences in abrasive wear conditions and differing stability of retained austenite after quenching from different temperatures. It is shown that a structure of metastable austenite may be used as a detector for wear conditions, as the sensitivity of such austenite to phase transformation strongly depends on wear conditions, and even small changes in the latter lead to significant differences in the properties of the worn surface.

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The Metastability of Retained Austenite in Multiphase Steel during Abrasive Wear

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Microstructure and Properties of Heat Affected Zone in High-Carbon Steel after Welding with Fast Cooling in Water

Microstructure and Properties of Heat Affected Zone in High-Carbon Steel after Welding with Fast Cooling in Water

Novel Corrosion‐Resistant Tool Steels with Superior Wear Properties

Abrasive Wear of High-Carbon Low-Alloyed Austenite Steel: Microhardness, Microstructure and X-ray Characteristics of Worn Surface

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