The metabolism of n-octane in Fischer 344 rats

Olson, Carl; Yu, Kyung O.; Hobson, David W.; Serve, M. P.

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(86)90008-1

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The profile of urinary metabolites was identical to that found in the rat study from Frontali et al (1981). Olson et al (1986) evaluated the metabolism of n-octane (C8 n-alkane) in F-344 rats. Male and female rats (12 and 14/ group respectively) were given 1.4 g/kg bw of n-octane by oral gavage on alternate days over a 2-week period.…”

Section: C5-c9 Hydrocarbon Solvent Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Ingested octane is primarily metabolized to the corresponding alcohols and carboxylic acids. Olson et al (1986) reported that the principal urinary metabolites of octane were 2-octanol, 3-octanol, 5-oxohexanoic acid, and 6-oxohexanoic acid. Charbonneau et al (1987) reported that 30% of ingested trimethylpentane can be recovered as exhaled material within the first 8 h of dosing.…”

Section: Metabolism and Elimination Of C7-c9 Aliphatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

McKee

Adenuga

Carrillo

2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions derived from petroleum processing streams, containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, with carbon numbers ranging from approximately C5-C20 and boiling between approximately 35-370°C. Many of the hydrocarbon solvents have complex and variable compositions with constituents of 4 types, alkanes (normal paraffins, isoparaffins, and cycloparaffins) and aromatics (primarily alkylated one-and tworing species). Because of the compositional complexity, hydrocarbon solvents are now identified by a nomenclature ("the naming convention") that describes them in terms of physical/ chemical properties and compositional elements. Despite the compositional complexity, most hydrocarbon solvent constituents have similar toxicological properties, and the overall toxicological hazards can be characterized in generic terms. To facilitate hazard characterization, the solvents were divided into 9 groups (categories) of substances with similar physical and chemical properties. Hydrocarbon solvents can cause chemical pneumonitis if aspirated into the lung, and those that are volatile can cause acute CNS effects and/or ocular and respiratory irritation at exposure levels exceeding occupational recommendations. Otherwise, there are few toxicologically important effects. The exceptions, n-hexane and naphthalene, have unique toxicological properties, and those solvents containing constituents for which classification is required under the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) are differentiated by the substance names. Toxicological information from studies of representative substances was used to fulfill REACH registration requirements and to satisfy the needs of the OECD High Production Volume (HPV) initiative. As shown in the examples provided, the hazard characterization data can be used for hazard classification and for occupational exposure limit recommendations. Introduction Scope and purpose of the documentThe present document summarizes information on the physical/ chemical properties and toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents and provides examples of the ways in which the information on hazard characterization can be used for hazard classification and to set occupational exposure limits. Many of the toxicological studies were published separately, but the results are summarized herein and referenced in the appendices.Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions that are primarily produced by the distillation of petroleum feed stocks or their synthetic analogs (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch derived materials), sometimes followed by additional processing steps such as solvent extraction, hydrodesulfurization, or hydrogenation. 1 Most hydrocarbon solvents are complex substances with variable compositions and are best described as UVCB 2 (unknown and variable composition) substances, but some are single constituent (mono-constituent) substances. The complex and variable nature of these solvents is the consequence of their manufacturing processes. In short, most hydroca...

show abstract

Section: C5-c9 Hydrocarbon Solvent Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Metabolism and Elimination Of C7-c9 Aliphatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

McKee

Adenuga

Carrillo

2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to heptane, n-octane was not converted into mono-or diketones or into diols (Olson et al, 1986). Based on this study and the data for n-heptane, the authors argued that for n-heptane and higher straightchain alkanes, formation of carboxylic acids and subsequent loss of carbon may be a major metabolic pathway.…”

Section: Other Routes Of Exposurementioning

confidence: 74%

“…A former metabolism study of n-heptane did yield gamma-valerolactone, which was presumed to have been formed on the GC column from 4-hydroxy-1-pentanoic acid, which would involve a 2 carbon loss. The authors speculate that with n-heptane, n-octane and perhaps higher straight chain hydrocarbon homologues, a major metabolic pathway involves the formation of acids with loss of carbon (Olson et al, 1986).…”

Section: Oralmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies on saturated alkanes were retrieved from the additional data search, but apart from two oral studies (Olson et al, 1986;Serve et al, 1995) and one subcutaneous study (Manini et al, 1999), in all other studies retrieved, inhalation was the route of exposure. From these studies (Bahima et al, 1984;Perbellini et al, 1986;Perbellini et al, 1982;Fedtke and Bolt, 1987;Holmberg et al, 1977), absorption through the membranes of the inhalatory tract was observed.…”

Section: Iii2 Absorption Distribution and Elimination Acyclic Alkamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31

Flavourings¹

2011

EFSA Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids of the European Food Safety Authority was requested to evaluate 37 flavouring substances in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2, using the Procedure in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. None of the substances were considered to have genotoxic potential. The substances were evaluated through a stepwise approach (the Procedure) that integrates information on structure-activity relationships, intake from current uses, toxicological threshold of concern, and available data on metabolism and toxicity. The Panel concluded that the ten substances 01.027, 01.028, 01.033, 01.034, 01.038, 01.039, 01.046, 01.054 and 01.057] do not give rise to safety concerns at their levels of dietary intake, estimated on the basis of the MSDI approach. For the remaining 27 candidate substances 01.022, 01.023, 01.030, 01.031, 01.032, 01.035, 01.036, 01.037, 01.042, 01.043, 01.044, 01.047, 01.050, 01.051, 01.052, 01.053, 01.055, 01.056, 01.058, 01.059, 01.060, 01.064, 01.066, 01.067, 01.070 and 10.078] no appropriate NOAEL was available and additional data are required. Besides the safety assessment of these flavouring substances, the specifications for the materials of commerce have also been considered. For five substances, the composition of the stereoisomeric mixture has to be specified further. The 37 candidate substances are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, which have been divided into eight subgroups: I) acyclic alkanes, II) acyclic alkenes, III) cyclohexene hydrocarbons, IVa) benzene hydrocarbons, IVb) napthalene hydrocarbons, IVc) diphenylmethane, V) bi-and tricyclic, nonaromatic hydrocarbons and VI) macrocyclic, non-aromatic hydrocarbons.Several of the 37 flavouring substances possess chiral centres and/or can exist as geometrical isomers. For five of the flavouring substances [FL-no: 01.021, 01.027, 01.032, 01.035 and 01.078] the stereoisomeric composition/composition of mixture has not been specified sufficiently.Thirty-one of the 37 candidate substances belongs to structural class I, two belongs to structural class II and four to structural class III according to the decision tree approach presented by Cramer et al. (1978).Thirty-three out of the 37 candidate substances have been reported to occur naturally in a wide range of food items.In its evaluation, the Panel as a default used the "Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intake" (MSDI) approach to estimate the per capita intakes of the flavouring substances in Europe. However, when the Panel examined the information provided by the European Flavouring Industry on the use levels in various foods, it appeared obvious that the MSDI approach in a number of cases would grossly underestimate the intake by regular consumers of products flavoured at the use level reported by the Industry, especially in those cases where the annual production values were reported to be small. In consequence, the Panel had reservations about the data on use and use levels provided and the intake...

show abstract

Octan und seine Isomeren außer Trimethylpentan‐Isomeren [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2004]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Veröffentlicht in der Reihe Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe , 38. Lieferung, Ausgabe 2004 Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel: Allgemeiner Wirkungscharakter Wirkungsmechanismus Toxikokinetik und Metabolismus Aufnahme, Verteilung, Ausscheidung Metabolismus Erfahrungen beim Menschen Tierexperimentelle Befunde und In‐vitro‐Untersuchungen Akute Toxizität Subakute, subchronische und chronische Toxizität Wirkung auf Haut und Schleimhäute Allergene Wirkung Reproduktionstoxizität Genotoxizität Kanzerogenität Sonstige Wirkungen Bewertung

show abstract

The metabolism of n-octane in Fischer 344 rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31

Octan und seine Isomeren außer Trimethylpentan‐Isomeren [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2004]

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About