The metabolism and immunology of bone

Watrous, D.; Andrews, Brian S.

doi:10.1016/0049-0172(89)90086-3

Cited by 53 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…It is noteworthy that some prostaglandins have been suggested to be cofac-tors of new bone formation [13]. However, our current study fails to find a significant difference in excretion of urinary prostaglandins in pre-and postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…However, the impact of calcitonin treatment in postmenopausal patients with regard to prostaglandin metabolism has not been investigated in detail yet. So far, many reports on prostaglandin's role in bone growth and resorption have been documented [3][4][5]. PGE 2 and PGF 2 seem to exert their action in bone metabolism by converting an amino acid (proline) into collagenase-digestible and noncollagen proteins forming the matrix of bone and from the observance of DNA synthesis [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Calcitonin on Urinary Excretion of Prostaglandins during Menopause

Akgül¹,

Vural²,

Canbaz³

1998

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calcitonin as an antiresorptive agent in postmenopausal osteoporosis in prostaglandin metabolism. Urinary prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) concentrations were determined by PGE₂ (¹²⁵I) RIA kit in a total number of 37 patients in postmenopause; 27 in study group with established osteoporosis (WEO) and 10 in another group without osteoporosis (WO). An additional group of 12 patients in the premenopausal period were selected as controls (PreM). Data were given as mean ± SD and statistical analysis was performed by Student’s t test for paired and unpaired values. A significant decrease in urinary PGE₂ concentrations was observed in WEO (7.91 ± 3.08 vs. 3.79 ± 3.01 ng/l) (p < 0.001), WO (9.06 ± 6.76 vs. 6.06 ± 3.90 ng/l) (p < 0.05) and PreM (7.14 ± 1.68 vs. 5.16 ± 1.91 ng/l) (p < 0.01). As a conclusion, calcitonin seems to exert a negative effect on prostaglandin metabolism resulting in reduced new prostaglandin formation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Calcitonin on Urinary Excretion of Prostaglandins during Menopause

Akgül¹,

Vural²,

Canbaz³

1998

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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“…In our cohort, 40% of the runners had low lumbar spine T-scores consistent with osteopenia by WHO criteria. Several hypotheses have been put forth to explain these observations: elite runners may have increased levels of stress hormones,24 lower testosterone levels,25 – 28 or increases in inflammatory mediators29 that affect bone turnover. However, our data offer an alternative explanation: these findings may simply reflect an artificially high reference mean.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional bone mineral density in male athletes: a comparison of soccer players, runners and controls

et al. 2007

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Playing soccer is associated with higher BMD of the skeleton at all sites measured. Running is associated with higher BMD at directly loaded sites (the calcaneus) but not at relatively unloaded sites (the spine). Specific loading conditions, seen in ball sports or in running, play a pivotal role in skeletal adaptation. The importance of including an appropriate control group in clinical studies is underlined.

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“…Bone formation and bone resorption are regulated by systemic hormones and local factors produced in bone [2][3][4]10]. Systemic hormones involved in stimulating bone formation include insulin, growth hormone [11] and estrogen [12], while those involved in stimulating bone resorption include 1,25-(OH) 2 vitaminD 3 [13], PTH [14], thyroid hormone [15] and glucocorticoids [16].…”

Section: Local Regulation Of Bone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Bone Biology

Watkins

Seifert

2000

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and inflammatory joint disease afflict millions of people worldwide. Inflammatory cytokines inhibit chondrocyte proliferation and induce cartilage degradation for which part of the response is mediated by PGE2. Excess production of PGE2 is linked to osteoporosis and arthritis and is associated with bone and proteoglycan loss. PGE2 also influences the IGF-I/IGFBP axis to facilitate bone and cartilage formation. Recent investigations with growing rats given butter fat and supplements of CLA demonstrated an increased rate of bone formation and reduced ex vivo bone PGE2 production, respectively. Furthermore, the supplements of CLA isomers resulted in their enrichment in lipids of various bone compartments of animals. The effects of CLA on bone biology in rats (IGF action and cytokines) appear to be dependent on the level of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the diet; however, these studies generally showed that CLA decreased ex vivo bone PGE2 production and in osteoblast-like cultures. Anti-inflammatory diets, including nutraceutical applications of CLA, may be beneficial in moderating cyclooygenase 2 (COX-2) activity or expression (influencing PGE2 biosynthesis) and might help to reduce rheumatoid arthritis (secondary osteoporosis). This review summarizes findings of CLA on bone modeling in rats and effects on cellular functions of osteoblasts and chondrocytes. These experiments indicate that CLA isomers possess anti-inflammatory activity in bone by moderating prostanoid formation.

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The metabolism and immunology of bone

Cited by 53 publications

References 197 publications

Impact of Calcitonin on Urinary Excretion of Prostaglandins during Menopause

Impact of Calcitonin on Urinary Excretion of Prostaglandins during Menopause

Regional bone mineral density in male athletes: a comparison of soccer players, runners and controls

Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Bone Biology

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