The metabolic profile of waist to hip ratio–A multi-cohort study

Abstract

Background The genetic background of general obesity and fat distribution is different, pointing to separate underlying physiology. Here, we searched for metabolites and lipoprotein particles associated with fat distribution, measured as waist/hip ratio adjusted for fat mass (WHRadjfatmass), and general adiposity measured as percentage fat mass. Method The sex-stratified association of 791 metabolites detected by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 91 lipoprotein particles measured by nuclear magnetic spectroscopy (NMR) with WHRadjfatmass and fat mass were assessed using three population-based cohorts: EpiHealth (n = 2350) as discovery cohort, with PIVUS (n = 603) and POEM (n = 502) as replication cohorts. Results Of the 193 LC-MS-metabolites being associated with WHRadjfatmass in EpiHealth (false discovery rate (FDR) <5%), 52 were replicated in a meta-analysis of PIVUS and POEM. Nine metabolites, including ceramides, sphingomyelins or glycerophosphatidylcholines, were inversely associated with WHRadjfatmass in both sexes. Two of the sphingomyelins (d18:2/24:1, d18:1/24:2 and d18:2/24:2) were not associated with fat mass (p>0.50). Out of 91, 82 lipoprotein particles were associated with WHRadjfatmass in EpiHealth and 42 were replicated. Fourteen of those were associated in both sexes and belonged to very-large or large HDL particles, all being inversely associated with both WHRadjfatmass and fat mass. Conclusion Two sphingomyelins were inversely linked to body fat distribution in both men and women without being associated with fat mass, while very-large and large HDL particles were inversely associated with both fat distribution and fat mass. If these metabolites represent a link between an impaired fat distribution and cardiometabolic diseases remains to be established.

Extensive transcriptome sex-reversal later in life, after developmental low-dose bisphenol A exposure

“…In addition, men with MetS showed signs of increased metabolic rate, observed as increased levels of NADH associated metabolites. We have previously noticed more associations between metabolites and waist/hip ratio (adjusted for fat mass) in men than in women 53 , and here we noticed almost twice as many top-ranked blood lipid changes in men with MetS as compared with women. This is coherent with the stronger lipid changes found in BPA exposed male rats and suggests that male lipid metabolism is more sensitive to perturbations.…”

“…This cohort has been described in detail 53 . In short, starting 2011, a random sample of men and women in the age range 45 to 75 years were invited to a health screening survey, called EpiHealth, in the two Swedish cities Uppsala and Malmö.…”

The metabolomic profiling of total fat and fat distribution in a multi-cohort study of women and men

“…In brief, samples were prepared automatically using the MicroLab STAR® system of Hamilton Company. Quality control was conducted by using pooled analytical samples, blank and chemical standards as detailed previously 30 . Proteins were precipitated with methanol under vigorous shaking for 2 min (Glen Mills GenoGrinder 2000) followed by centrifugation.…”

Lipidomic markers of obesity and their dynamics after bariatric surgery

“…Chew в 2019 г. выявило положительную корреляцию содержания церамидов с ИМТ, но отрицательную с уровнем гексозилцерамидов [33]. Это подтвердили и другие исследования, в которых было показано, что содержание сфингомиелинов, наоборот, обратно связано с индексом талия/бедро и ИМТ [34,35]. В исследовании J.M.…”