The metabolic fate of two new psychoactive substances − 2‐aminoindane and <i>N</i>‐methyl‐2‐aminoindane − studied in vitro and in vivo to support drug testing

Manier, Sascha K.; Felske, Christina; Eckstein, Niels; Meyer, Markus R.

doi:10.1002/dta.2699

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They can act in the dilation of blood vessels, enabling strong potential for aiding in respiratory processes and thus leading to acting as strong bronchodilators. The first development regarding their research relied on these properties [73][74][75].…”

Section: Aminoindanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manier et al [75] investigated in vivo and in vitro metabolic pathways for 2-AI and NM-2-AI. The former is metabolized via N-acetylation, while the latter suffers There is still a lack of general information about these substances, mainly concerning their pharmacological effects, which makes the legislation of these compounds challenging.…”

Section: Aminoindanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manier et al [75] investigated in vivo and in vitro metabolic pathways for 2-AI and NM-2-AI. The former is metabolized via N-acetylation, while the latter suffers hydroxylation.…”

Section: Aminoindanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on the Implications of New Psychoactive Substances in Public Health

Simão

Antunes

Cabral

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The emergence of new psychoactive substances has earned a great deal of attention, and several reports of acute poisoning and deaths have been issued involving, for instance, synthetic opiates. In recent years, there have been profound alterations in the legislation concerning consumption, marketing, and synthesis of these compounds; rapid alert systems have also been subject to changes, and new substances and new markets, mainly through the internet, have appeared. Their effects and how they originate in consumers are still mostly unknown, primarily in what concerns chronic toxicity. This review intends to provide a detailed description of these substances from the point of view of consumption, toxicokinetics, and health consequences, including case reports on intoxications in order to help researchers and public health agents working daily in this area.

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Section: Aminoindanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aminoindanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on the Implications of New Psychoactive Substances in Public Health

Simão

Antunes

Cabral

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…N-methyl-2-AI N-methyl-2-AI, also known as N-methyl-2-aminoindane or NM-2-AI, is an analogue of amphetamine, and works as a dopamine and norepinephrine releasing agent. It is being sold as a designer drug, but little is known about its toxicity (Manier, et al, 2020;Mestria, et al, 2020).…”

Section: Stimulant Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Finding unknown stimulants applied in food supplements using Artificial Intelligence

Gavai¹,

Bouzembrak²,

Bulk³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The world market for food supplements is large and is driven by the claims of these products to, for example, treat obesity, increase focus and alertness, decrease appetite, decrease the need for sleep or reduce impulsivity. The use of illegal compounds in food supplements is a continuous threat, certainly because these compounds and products have not been tested for safety by competent authorities. It is therefore of the utmost importance for the competent authorities to know when new products are being marketed and to warn users against potential health risks. In this study we present an approach to detect new and unknown stimulants in food supplements using machine learning. More than 20 new stimulants were identified from two different data sources, namely scientific literature applying word embedding on > 2 million abstracts and articles from formal and social media on the world wide web using text mining. The results show that the developed approach may be suitable to detect “unknowns” in the emerging risk identification activities performed by the competent authorities, which is currently a major hurdle.

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“…Additional data have been reported for various 2-AI derivatives, such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy data, Raman spectroscopy data, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry data. 9,15,21,[23][24][25][26] However, it is important to note that the analytical data presented in these studies only focus on individual aminoindanes, and the compounds were not analyzed as a mixture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of eight aminoindanes: 2‐Aminoindane, N‐methyl‐2‐, 5‐methoxy‐, 5‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐, 4,5‐methylenedioxy‐, 5,6‐methylenedioxy‐ and 5‐iodo‐2‐aminoindane, and rasagiline

Rose

Staretz

Wood

et al. 2021

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Aminoindanes are one class of many new psychoactive substances that have emerged over the last decade. Analogues of 2-aminoindane (2-AI) are being encountered in crime laboratories and analytical data for most aminoindanes are limited. Interpretation and optimization of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data will enhance reliability in characterizing aminoindanes. Methods: This study focuses on the electron ionization mass spectrometric fragmentation of eight aminoindane analogues and the gas chromatographic separation of these eight aminoindane analogues using four different column stationary phases, Rxi ® -1Sil MS, Rxi ® -5Sil MS, Rxi ® -35Sil MS, and Rxi ® -624Sil MS. Split injection (25:1) was utilized and each column had the same configuration (30 m Â 25 mm Â 0.25 μm), with the exception of the Rxi ® -624Sil MS column (30 m Â 25 mm Â1.4 μm).Results: Mass spectra showed strong molecular ions for all aminoindanes, except for rasagiline that produced a uniquely abundant [M À 1] ion. Other characteristic fragmentation that was present for all the aminoindanes included indane and indene ions (m/z 115-117), the tropylium ion (m/z 91), and subsequent loss of diene to produce smaller ions that followed: phenyl (m/z 77), cyclopentadienyl (m/z 65), cyclobutadienyl (m/z 51), and cyclopropenyl (m/z 39).Conclusions: Separation of eight aminoindanes was optimized, and linear retention indices were determined for the compounds on four capillary columns. Based on the retention data, all eight aminoindanes were resolved on an Rxi ® -624Sil MS column.Each aminoindane exhibited unique fragmentation ions in the mass spectra to distinguish between similar analogues. The results of this study will strengthen the analytical profiles of 2-AI and seven analogues, assisting forensic scientists in their analysis and identification of these substances. | INTRODUCTIONNew psychoactive substances (NPSs) continue to rise in number and variety, which poses a threat to public safety and creates a demand for drug legislation expansion. 1,2 These compounds may produce effects similar to those of traditional illicit substances or have effects that are unexpected and unpredictable. NPSs are made with the intention of evading existing drug control laws, which is why they are

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The metabolic fate of two new psychoactive substances − 2‐aminoindane and N‐methyl‐2‐aminoindane − studied in vitro and in vivo to support drug testing

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

An Update on the Implications of New Psychoactive Substances in Public Health

An Update on the Implications of New Psychoactive Substances in Public Health

Finding unknown stimulants applied in food supplements using Artificial Intelligence

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of eight aminoindanes: 2‐Aminoindane, N‐methyl‐2‐, 5‐methoxy‐, 5‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐, 4,5‐methylenedioxy‐, 5,6‐methylenedioxy‐ and 5‐iodo‐2‐aminoindane, and rasagiline

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