“…Investigations into primary dental development and/or emergence patterns are common in the clinical literature (e.g., Friedlaender and Bailit, 1969;Baghdady and Ghose, 1981;Holman and Jones, 1991;Liversidge and Molleson, 2004;Mahoney, 2012), while a number of deciduous tooth studies are descriptive, defining phenotypic variability within and across populations. These include examinations of deciduous crown dimensions in living and ancient samples (e.g., Hanihara, 1970;Lukacs et al, 1983;Garc ıa-Godoy et al, 1985;Sciulli, 1990Sciulli, , 2001Farmer and Townsend, 1993;Kuswandari and Nishino, 2003) and a limited number of cross-population surveys (e.g., Harris, 2001;Harris and Lease, 2005). Within modern humans, anthropologists have considered the utility of deciduous elements for discerning bioregional affiliation and/or ancestry (e.g., Sciulli, 1977Sciulli, , 1980Kitagawa et al, 1995;Kitagawa, 2000;Harris, 2001;Lease, 2003;Lease and Sciulli, 2005).…”